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May 11, 1979, Vol 241, No. 19 >
ARTICLE | May 11, 1979

Differential Diagnosis and Therapy of Hyperketonemic State FREE

David S. Schade, MD; R. Philip Eaton, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131 (Dr Schade).


JAMA. 1979;241(19):2064-2065. doi:10.1001/jama.1979.03290450062031
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References

Detection of ketone bodies in the urine or plasma may be used as a rapid, inexpensive diagnostic approach. Understanding the causes of hyperketonemia can lead to identification and appropriate therapy for the underlying cause. At least one urinary ketone measurement should be a routine procedure in all severely ill patients in whom a complete understanding of the underlying pathological processes is not present.

(JAMA 241:2064-2065, 1979)

REFERENCES

1 +
Lee CT, Duncan GG:  Diabetic coma: The value of a simple test for acetone in the plasma—an aid to diagnosis and treatment . Metabolism 5:144-149, 1956;.
2 +
Alberti KGGM, Hockaday TDR:  Rapid blood ketone body estimation in the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis . Br Med J 2:565-568, 1972;.
3 +
Stephens JM, Sulway MJ, Watkins PJ:  Relationship of blood acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate in diabetes . Diabetes 20:485-489, 1971;.
4 +
Schade DS, Kaufman E, Eaton RP:  Diabetic ketoacidosis: Counter-regulatory hormones versus insulin in the therapeutic response . Rocky Mt Med J 74:312-315, 1977;.
5 +
Reichard GA, Owen OE, Haff AC, et al:  Ketone-body production and oxidation in fasting obese humans . J Clin Invest 53:508-515, 1974;.
6 +
Johnson RE, Passmore RP, Sargent F:  Multiple factors in experimental human ketosis . Arch Intern Med 107:111-118, 1961;.
7 +
James RC, Chase GR:  Evaluation of some commonly used semiquantitative methods for urinary glucose and ketone determinations . Diabetes 23:474-479, 1974;.
8 +
Levy LJ, Duga J, Girgis M, et al:  Ketoacidosis associated with alcoholism in nondiabetic subjects . Ann Intern Med 78:213-219, 1973;.
9 +
Miller PD, Heinig RE, Waterhouse C:  Treatment of alcoholic acidosis: The role of dextrose and phosphorus . Arch Intern Med 138:67-72, 1978;.
10 +
Muller WA, Faloona GR, Unger RH:  Hyperglucagonemia in diabetic ketoacidosis . Am J Med 54:52-57, 1973;.
11 +
Kreisberg RA:  Diabetic ketoacidosis: New concepts and trends in pathogenesis and treatment . Ann Intern Med 88:681-695, 1978;.
12 +
Schade DS, Eaton RP:  Dose response to insulin in man: Differential effects on glucose and ketone body regulation . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 44:1038-1053, 1977;.
13 +
Schade DS, Eaton RP:  Glucagon regulation of plasma ketone body concentration in human diabetes . J Clin Invest 56:1340-1344, 1975;.
14 +
Schade DS, Eaton RP:  The regulation of plasma ketone body concentration by counterregulatory hormones in man: I. Effects of norepinephrine in diabetic man . Diabetes 26:989-996, 1977;.
15 +
Schade DS, Eaton RP, Standefer J:  Glucocorticoid regulation of plasma ketone body concentration in insulin deficient man . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 44:1069-1079, 1977;.
16 +
Schade DS, Eaton RP, Peake GT:  The regulation of plasma ketone body concentration by counterregulatory hormones in man: II. Effects of growth hormone in diabetic man . Diabetes 27:916-924, 1978;.
17 +
Eaton RP, Schade DS:  Modulation and implications of the counterregulatory hormones: Glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol, and growth hormone , in Katzen HM, Mahler RJ (eds): Advances in Modern Nutrition . New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1978;, vol 2, p 341.
18 +
Baker L, Barcai A, Kaye R, et al:  Beta adrenergic blockade and juvenile diabetes: Acute studies and long-term therapeutic trial . J Pediatr 75:19-29, 1969;.

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1 +
Lee CT, Duncan GG:  Diabetic coma: The value of a simple test for acetone in the plasma—an aid to diagnosis and treatment . Metabolism 5:144-149, 1956;.
2 +
Alberti KGGM, Hockaday TDR:  Rapid blood ketone body estimation in the diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis . Br Med J 2:565-568, 1972;.
3 +
Stephens JM, Sulway MJ, Watkins PJ:  Relationship of blood acetoacetate and 3-hydroxybutyrate in diabetes . Diabetes 20:485-489, 1971;.
4 +
Schade DS, Kaufman E, Eaton RP:  Diabetic ketoacidosis: Counter-regulatory hormones versus insulin in the therapeutic response . Rocky Mt Med J 74:312-315, 1977;.
5 +
Reichard GA, Owen OE, Haff AC, et al:  Ketone-body production and oxidation in fasting obese humans . J Clin Invest 53:508-515, 1974;.
6 +
Johnson RE, Passmore RP, Sargent F:  Multiple factors in experimental human ketosis . Arch Intern Med 107:111-118, 1961;.
7 +
James RC, Chase GR:  Evaluation of some commonly used semiquantitative methods for urinary glucose and ketone determinations . Diabetes 23:474-479, 1974;.
8 +
Levy LJ, Duga J, Girgis M, et al:  Ketoacidosis associated with alcoholism in nondiabetic subjects . Ann Intern Med 78:213-219, 1973;.
9 +
Miller PD, Heinig RE, Waterhouse C:  Treatment of alcoholic acidosis: The role of dextrose and phosphorus . Arch Intern Med 138:67-72, 1978;.
10 +
Muller WA, Faloona GR, Unger RH:  Hyperglucagonemia in diabetic ketoacidosis . Am J Med 54:52-57, 1973;.
11 +
Kreisberg RA:  Diabetic ketoacidosis: New concepts and trends in pathogenesis and treatment . Ann Intern Med 88:681-695, 1978;.
12 +
Schade DS, Eaton RP:  Dose response to insulin in man: Differential effects on glucose and ketone body regulation . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 44:1038-1053, 1977;.
13 +
Schade DS, Eaton RP:  Glucagon regulation of plasma ketone body concentration in human diabetes . J Clin Invest 56:1340-1344, 1975;.
14 +
Schade DS, Eaton RP:  The regulation of plasma ketone body concentration by counterregulatory hormones in man: I. Effects of norepinephrine in diabetic man . Diabetes 26:989-996, 1977;.
15 +
Schade DS, Eaton RP, Standefer J:  Glucocorticoid regulation of plasma ketone body concentration in insulin deficient man . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 44:1069-1079, 1977;.
16 +
Schade DS, Eaton RP, Peake GT:  The regulation of plasma ketone body concentration by counterregulatory hormones in man: II. Effects of growth hormone in diabetic man . Diabetes 27:916-924, 1978;.
17 +
Eaton RP, Schade DS:  Modulation and implications of the counterregulatory hormones: Glucagon, catecholamines, cortisol, and growth hormone , in Katzen HM, Mahler RJ (eds): Advances in Modern Nutrition . New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1978;, vol 2, p 341.
18 +
Baker L, Barcai A, Kaye R, et al:  Beta adrenergic blockade and juvenile diabetes: Acute studies and long-term therapeutic trial . J Pediatr 75:19-29, 1969;.

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