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August 16, 1976, Vol 236, No. 7 >
ARTICLE | August 16, 1976

Rubella Vaccine in Postpubertal Women: Title and subTitle BreakExperience in Western Washington State FREE

John P. Fox, MD, PhD; Helen S. Rainey; Carrie E. Hall, MPH; C. George Ray, MD; Maria J. Patterson, PhD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to Department of Epidemiology (SC-36), School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 (Dr Fox).


JAMA. 1976;236(7):837-843. doi:10.1001/jama.1976.03270080019024
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References

Nearly two thousand nonimmune, postpubertal females given rubella vaccine in western Washington state in 1970 to 1974 were followed up for acute reactions, inadvertent pregnancy onset, and (776 women) seroresponse. Low-level prevaccination immunity appears to explain most of the apparent vaccine failure (11.6%). The 27 vaccine-complicated pregnancies identified resulted in 17 apparently normal infants (nine from nonimmune mothers). The remaining ten were terminated by abortion (four in nonimmune women), but no abortus yielded rubella virus. Frequency of postvaccination complaints (largely joint-related) varied with age (higher in those over 25 years), with vaccine (higher after HPV-77-DE-5 than after Cendehill strain virus), with stage of menstrual cycle when vaccine was given, and with method of contraception.

(JAMA 236:837-843, 1976)

REFERENCES

1 +
Immunization against disease—1972. US Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, Atlanta.
2 +
Klock LE, Rachelefsky GS:  Failure of rubella herd immunity during an epidemic . N Engl J Med 288:69-72, 1973;.
3 +
Rachelefsky GS, Herrmann KL:  Congenital rubella surveillance following epidemic rubella in a partially vaccinated community . J Pediatr 84:474-478, 1974;.
4 +
Weibel RE, Stokes J Jr, Buynak EB, et al:  Influence of age on clinical response to HPV-77 duck rubella vaccine . JAMA 222:805-807, 1972;.
5 +
Bolognese RJ, Corson SL:  Rubella vaccination: A critical review . Obstet Gynecol 42:851-855, 1973;.
6 +
Modlin JF, Herrmann K, Brandling-Bennett AD, et al:  Risk of congenital abnormality after inadvertent rubella vaccination of pregnant women . N Engl J Med 294:972-974, 1976;.
7 +
Dudgeon JA:  Congenital rubella: Pathogenesis and immunology . Am J Dis Child 118:35-44, 1969;.
8 +
Alford CA Jr, Neva FA, Weller TH:  Virologic and serologic studies on human products of conception after maternal rubella . N Engl J Med 271:1275-1281, 1964;.
9 +
Alford CA Jr, Kanich LS:  Congenital rubella: A review of the virologic and serologic phenomena occurring after maternal rubella in the first trimester . South Med J 59:745-748, 1966;.
10 +
Swartz TA, Klingberg W, Goldwasser RA, et al:  Clinical manifestations, according to age, among females given HPV-77 duck rubella vaccine . Am J Epidemiol 94:246-251, 1971;.
11 +
Weibel RE, Stokes J Jr, Buynak EB, et al:  Live rubella vaccines in adults and children . Am J Dis Child 118:226-229, 1969;.
12 +
Rogers KD, Ramirez G, Cortez M, et al:  Clinical response to immunization with Cendehill strain rubella vaccine . Pediatrics 47:7-15, 1971;.
13 +
Austin SM, Altman R, Barnes EK, et al:  Joint reactions in children vaccinated against rubella. Study I: Comparison of two vaccines . Am J Epidemiol 95:53-66, 1972;.
14 +
Spruance SL, Smith CB:  Joint complications associated with derivatives of HPV-77 rubella virus vaccine . Am J Dis Child 122:105-112, 1971;.
15 +
Isacson P, Kehrer AF, Wilson H, et al:  Comparative study of live, attenuated rubella virus vaccines during the immediate puerperium . Obstet Gynecol 37:332-337, 1971;.
16 +
Monto AS, Cavallaro JJ, Whale EH:  Frequency of arthralgia in women receiving one of three rubella vaccines . Arch Intern Med 127:635-639, 1970;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Immunization against disease—1972. US Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Center for Disease Control, Atlanta.
2 +
Klock LE, Rachelefsky GS:  Failure of rubella herd immunity during an epidemic . N Engl J Med 288:69-72, 1973;.
3 +
Rachelefsky GS, Herrmann KL:  Congenital rubella surveillance following epidemic rubella in a partially vaccinated community . J Pediatr 84:474-478, 1974;.
4 +
Weibel RE, Stokes J Jr, Buynak EB, et al:  Influence of age on clinical response to HPV-77 duck rubella vaccine . JAMA 222:805-807, 1972;.
5 +
Bolognese RJ, Corson SL:  Rubella vaccination: A critical review . Obstet Gynecol 42:851-855, 1973;.
6 +
Modlin JF, Herrmann K, Brandling-Bennett AD, et al:  Risk of congenital abnormality after inadvertent rubella vaccination of pregnant women . N Engl J Med 294:972-974, 1976;.
7 +
Dudgeon JA:  Congenital rubella: Pathogenesis and immunology . Am J Dis Child 118:35-44, 1969;.
8 +
Alford CA Jr, Neva FA, Weller TH:  Virologic and serologic studies on human products of conception after maternal rubella . N Engl J Med 271:1275-1281, 1964;.
9 +
Alford CA Jr, Kanich LS:  Congenital rubella: A review of the virologic and serologic phenomena occurring after maternal rubella in the first trimester . South Med J 59:745-748, 1966;.
10 +
Swartz TA, Klingberg W, Goldwasser RA, et al:  Clinical manifestations, according to age, among females given HPV-77 duck rubella vaccine . Am J Epidemiol 94:246-251, 1971;.
11 +
Weibel RE, Stokes J Jr, Buynak EB, et al:  Live rubella vaccines in adults and children . Am J Dis Child 118:226-229, 1969;.
12 +
Rogers KD, Ramirez G, Cortez M, et al:  Clinical response to immunization with Cendehill strain rubella vaccine . Pediatrics 47:7-15, 1971;.
13 +
Austin SM, Altman R, Barnes EK, et al:  Joint reactions in children vaccinated against rubella. Study I: Comparison of two vaccines . Am J Epidemiol 95:53-66, 1972;.
14 +
Spruance SL, Smith CB:  Joint complications associated with derivatives of HPV-77 rubella virus vaccine . Am J Dis Child 122:105-112, 1971;.
15 +
Isacson P, Kehrer AF, Wilson H, et al:  Comparative study of live, attenuated rubella virus vaccines during the immediate puerperium . Obstet Gynecol 37:332-337, 1971;.
16 +
Monto AS, Cavallaro JJ, Whale EH:  Frequency of arthralgia in women receiving one of three rubella vaccines . Arch Intern Med 127:635-639, 1970;.

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