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November 22, 1976, Vol 236, No. 21 >
ARTICLE | November 22, 1976

Radionuclide Imaging in Cardiovascular Disease: Title and subTitle BreakCurrent Indications FREE

Peter McLaughlin, MD, FRCP
[+] Author Affiliations

This article is one of a series sponsored by the American Heart Association, edited by Richard L. Popp, MD.

Reprint requests to Cardiovascular Unit, Toronto General Hospital, 101 College St, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr McLaughlin).


JAMA. 1976;236(21):2439-2441. doi:10.1001/jama.1976.03270220055044
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References

OVER the past decade, advances in nuclear cardiology have provided a range of diagnostic tools for the practicing clinician. The development of new radionuclides, high-resolution γ scintillation cameras, and sophisticated small computers have been responsible for improvement in the quality and scope of nuclear cardiologic techniques. The following is a brief review of these techniques, their applications and limitations.

Perfusion Imaging 

Normal Myocardium.—  Perfusion imaging of normal myocardium is performed by administration of a radioactive tracer that is extracted by normally functioning myocardial cells. Agents such as thallium 201 exhibit the biological behavior of potassium and presumably are pumped into the cell by activating membranebound (Na+, K+)-adenosine triphosphatase. Their myocardial uptake is dependent on two factors: (1) regional myocardial blood flow and (2) cell function. The normal myocardial image appears homogeneous in count distribution. Areas of decreased uptake in the resting study reflect areas of myocardial fibrosis or infarction

REFERENCES

1 +
Bailey IK, Griffith LSC, Strauss HW, et al:  Detection of coronary artery disease and myocardial ischemia by electrocardiography and myocardial perfusion scanning with thallium201 . Am J Cardiol 37:118, 1976;.
2 +
McLaughlin P, Martin R, Daspit S, et al:  Reproducibility and reliability of thallium-201 myocardial imaging . Clin Res 24:230A, 1976;.
3 +
Ritchie JL, Trobaugh GB, Hamilton GW, et al:  Rest and exercise myocardial imaging with thallium-201: Correlation with EKG, coronary anatomy and left ventricular function . Am J Cardiol 37:166, 1976;.
4 +
Schelbert H, Henning H, Righetti A, et al:  Relative sensitivity of Tc-99m pyrophosphate and thallium-201 for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction . Am J Cardiol 37:171, 1976;.
5 +
Bonte FJ, Parkey RW, Graham KD, et al:  A new method for radionuclide imaging of myocardial infarcts . Radiology 110:473-474, 1974;.
6 +
Willerson JT, Parkey RW, Bonte FJ, et al:  Technetium stannous pyrophosphate myocardial scintigrams in patients with chest pain of varying etiology . Circulation 51:1046-1052, 1975;.
7 +
McLaughlin P, Coates G, Wood D, et al:  Detection of acute myocardial infarction by technetium-99m polyphosphate . Am J Cardiol 35:390-396, 1975;.
8 +
D'Agostino AN, Chiga M:  Mitochondrial mineralization in human myocardium . Am J Clin Pathol 53:820-824, 1970;.
9 +
Ahmad M, Dubiel J, Verdon TA, et al:  Technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate myocardial imaging in patients with and without left ventricular aneurysm . Circulation 53:833-838, 1976;.
10 +
DiCola VC, Freedman GS, Zaret BL:  Effect of direct current countershock upon myocardial technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate uptake . Am J Cardiol 37:131, 1976;.
11 +
Khaw BA, Beller GA, Haber E, et al:  Comparison of radiolabelled myosin specific antibody and technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate (99mTc-PYP) for localization of myocardial infarcts . Circulation 52( (suppl 2) ):2-52, 1975;.
12 +
Schelbert HR, Verba JW, Johnson AD, et al:  Non-traumatic determination of left ventricular ejection fraction by radionuclide angiocardiography . Circulation 51:902-909, 1975;.
13 +
Zaret BL, Strauss HW, Hurley PJ, et al:  A non-invasive scintiphotographic method for detecting regional ventricular dysfunction in man . N Engl J Med 284:1165-1170, 1971;.
14 +
Pierson RN, Kriss JP, Jones RH, et al: Quantitative Nuclear Cardiography . New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1975;, p 32-65.
15 +
Askenazi J, Ahnberg DS, Korngold E, et al:  Quantitative radionuclide angiocardiography: Detection and quantitation of left-to-right shunts . Am J Cardiol 37:382-387, 1976;.
16 +
Gates GF: Radionuclide Scanning in Cyanotic Heart Disease . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publishers, 1975;.
17 +
Cannon PJ, Sciacca RR, Fowler DL, et al:  Measurement of regional myocardial blood flow in man: Description and critique of the method using xenon-133 and a scintillation camera . Am J Cardiol 36:783-792, 1975;.
18 +
Jansen C, Judkins MP, Grames GM, et al:  Myocardial perfusion color scintigraphy with MAA . Radiology 109:369-380, 1973;.

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1 +
Bailey IK, Griffith LSC, Strauss HW, et al:  Detection of coronary artery disease and myocardial ischemia by electrocardiography and myocardial perfusion scanning with thallium201 . Am J Cardiol 37:118, 1976;.
2 +
McLaughlin P, Martin R, Daspit S, et al:  Reproducibility and reliability of thallium-201 myocardial imaging . Clin Res 24:230A, 1976;.
3 +
Ritchie JL, Trobaugh GB, Hamilton GW, et al:  Rest and exercise myocardial imaging with thallium-201: Correlation with EKG, coronary anatomy and left ventricular function . Am J Cardiol 37:166, 1976;.
4 +
Schelbert H, Henning H, Righetti A, et al:  Relative sensitivity of Tc-99m pyrophosphate and thallium-201 for diagnosing acute myocardial infarction . Am J Cardiol 37:171, 1976;.
5 +
Bonte FJ, Parkey RW, Graham KD, et al:  A new method for radionuclide imaging of myocardial infarcts . Radiology 110:473-474, 1974;.
6 +
Willerson JT, Parkey RW, Bonte FJ, et al:  Technetium stannous pyrophosphate myocardial scintigrams in patients with chest pain of varying etiology . Circulation 51:1046-1052, 1975;.
7 +
McLaughlin P, Coates G, Wood D, et al:  Detection of acute myocardial infarction by technetium-99m polyphosphate . Am J Cardiol 35:390-396, 1975;.
8 +
D'Agostino AN, Chiga M:  Mitochondrial mineralization in human myocardium . Am J Clin Pathol 53:820-824, 1970;.
9 +
Ahmad M, Dubiel J, Verdon TA, et al:  Technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate myocardial imaging in patients with and without left ventricular aneurysm . Circulation 53:833-838, 1976;.
10 +
DiCola VC, Freedman GS, Zaret BL:  Effect of direct current countershock upon myocardial technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate uptake . Am J Cardiol 37:131, 1976;.
11 +
Khaw BA, Beller GA, Haber E, et al:  Comparison of radiolabelled myosin specific antibody and technetium-99m stannous pyrophosphate (99mTc-PYP) for localization of myocardial infarcts . Circulation 52( (suppl 2) ):2-52, 1975;.
12 +
Schelbert HR, Verba JW, Johnson AD, et al:  Non-traumatic determination of left ventricular ejection fraction by radionuclide angiocardiography . Circulation 51:902-909, 1975;.
13 +
Zaret BL, Strauss HW, Hurley PJ, et al:  A non-invasive scintiphotographic method for detecting regional ventricular dysfunction in man . N Engl J Med 284:1165-1170, 1971;.
14 +
Pierson RN, Kriss JP, Jones RH, et al: Quantitative Nuclear Cardiography . New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 1975;, p 32-65.
15 +
Askenazi J, Ahnberg DS, Korngold E, et al:  Quantitative radionuclide angiocardiography: Detection and quantitation of left-to-right shunts . Am J Cardiol 37:382-387, 1976;.
16 +
Gates GF: Radionuclide Scanning in Cyanotic Heart Disease . Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas Publishers, 1975;.
17 +
Cannon PJ, Sciacca RR, Fowler DL, et al:  Measurement of regional myocardial blood flow in man: Description and critique of the method using xenon-133 and a scintillation camera . Am J Cardiol 36:783-792, 1975;.
18 +
Jansen C, Judkins MP, Grames GM, et al:  Myocardial perfusion color scintigraphy with MAA . Radiology 109:369-380, 1973;.

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