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ARTICLE |

Prophylaxis for Meningococcal Disease FREE

Malcolm S. Artenstein, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to Department of Bacterial Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20012 (Dr. Artenstein).


JAMA. 1975;231(10):1035-1037. doi:10.1001/jama.1975.03240220015012
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THE PAST decade has been a tumultuous one for meningococcologists. The emergence and spread of sulfadiazine-resistant strains, which were first reported in 1963, ended a 20-year period in which control of the dreaded disease was possible with a brief, inexpensive chemoprophylactic regimen (sulfadiazine, 2 gm a day for two days). Intensive research over the next six years led to the development of purified capsular polysaccharide vaccines.1 These were subsequently proved to be effective in preventing disease caused by serogroup C and serogroup A organisms. Meningococcal disease in the United States has been at a low ebb in recent years even though vaccines have not been available for general use.

Other countries have not been so fortunate. Epidemic meningitis in Brazil has been commanding considerable newspaper coverage recently. Since 1971, Sao Paulo has experienced an epidemic of sulfadiazine-resistant serogroup C disease, with an overall rate of 11.3/100,000 total population per

REFERENCES

Gotschlich EC, Goldschneider I, Artenstein MS:  Human immunity to the meningococcus: IV. Immunogenicity of group A and group C meningococcal polysaccharides in human volunteers . J Exp Med 129:1367-1384, 1969;.
Morais JS, Munford RS, Risi JB, et al:  Epidemic disease due to serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis in Sao Paulo, Brazil . J Infect Dis 129:568-571, 1974;.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 23:349-350, 1974;.
The Medical Letter 16:74-75, 1974;.
Kaiser AB, Hennekens CH, Saslaw MS, et al:  Seroepidemiology and chemoprophylaxis of disease due to sulfonamide-resistant Neisseria meningitidis in a civilian population . J Infect Dis 130:217-224, 1974;.
Munford RS, Taunay AE, Morais JS, et al:  Spread of meningococcal infection within households . Lancet 1:1275-1278, 1974;.
Bennett JV, Camp HM, Eickhoff TC:  Rapid sulfonamide disc sensitivity test for meningococci . Appl Microbiol 16:1056-1060, 1968;.
Devine LF, Pollard RB, Krumpe PE, et al:  Field trial of the efficacy of a previously proposed regimen using minocycline and rifampin sequentially for the elimination of meningococci from healthy carriers . Am J Epidemiol 97:394-401, 1973;.
Munford RS, Vasconcelos ZJS, Phillips CJ, et al:  Eradication of carriage of Neisseria meningitidis in families: A study in Brazil . J Infect Dis 129:644-649, 1974;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

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Gotschlich EC, Goldschneider I, Artenstein MS:  Human immunity to the meningococcus: IV. Immunogenicity of group A and group C meningococcal polysaccharides in human volunteers . J Exp Med 129:1367-1384, 1969;.
Morais JS, Munford RS, Risi JB, et al:  Epidemic disease due to serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis in Sao Paulo, Brazil . J Infect Dis 129:568-571, 1974;.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 23:349-350, 1974;.
The Medical Letter 16:74-75, 1974;.
Kaiser AB, Hennekens CH, Saslaw MS, et al:  Seroepidemiology and chemoprophylaxis of disease due to sulfonamide-resistant Neisseria meningitidis in a civilian population . J Infect Dis 130:217-224, 1974;.
Munford RS, Taunay AE, Morais JS, et al:  Spread of meningococcal infection within households . Lancet 1:1275-1278, 1974;.
Bennett JV, Camp HM, Eickhoff TC:  Rapid sulfonamide disc sensitivity test for meningococci . Appl Microbiol 16:1056-1060, 1968;.
Devine LF, Pollard RB, Krumpe PE, et al:  Field trial of the efficacy of a previously proposed regimen using minocycline and rifampin sequentially for the elimination of meningococci from healthy carriers . Am J Epidemiol 97:394-401, 1973;.
Munford RS, Vasconcelos ZJS, Phillips CJ, et al:  Eradication of carriage of Neisseria meningitidis in families: A study in Brazil . J Infect Dis 129:644-649, 1974;.
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