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November 18, 1974, Vol 230, No. 7 >
ARTICLE | November 18, 1974

Carboxyhemoglobin in Volunteer Blood Donors FREE

Gustave L. Davis, MD; George E. Gantner, Jr., MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to The Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, 216 S Kingshighway, St. Louis, MO 63110 (Dr. Davis).


JAMA. 1974;230(7):996-997. doi:10.1001/jama.1974.03240070030021
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References

Smoking by donors largely accounts for the greater than 5% carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) saturation found in 17% of blood units in a volunteer blood program. Low levels of COHb in donor blood are potentially dangerous to susceptible recipients, particularly patients with cardiorespiratory diseases, those in whom dilution of blood volume does not occur, and patients with coronary artery disease who are undergoing bypass surgery. Recommendations that blood donors not smoke for two hours prior to phlebotomy must be balanced against potential loss of smoking donors. Screening for COHb in blood to be transfused to susceptible recipients, labeling of smokers' blood, or both, should be considered.

(JAMA 230:996-997, 1974)

REFERENCES

1 +
Finck PA:  Exposure to carbon monoxide: Review of the literature and 576 autopsies . Milit Med 131:1513-1539, 1966;.
2 +
Air Quality Criteria for Carbon Monoxide , NAPCA Publication No. AP-62. Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Environmental Health Service, National Air Pollution Control Administration, 1970;.
3 +
The Health Consequences of Smoking. A Report of the Surgeon General, Government Printing Office Stock No. 1823-0051. Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Health Services and Mental Health Administration, 1970.
4 +
Shields CE:  Elevated carbon monoxide levels from smoking in blood donors . Transfusion 11:89-93, 1971;.
5 +
Millar RA, Gregory IG:  Reduced oxygen content in equilibrated fresh heparinized and ACD-stored blood from cigarette smokers . Br J Anaesth 44:1015-1019, 1972;.
6 +
Stewart RD, Baretta ED, Platte LR, et al:  Carboxyhemoglobin concentrations in blood from donors in Chicago, Milwaukee, New York and Los Angeles . Science 182:1362-1364, 1973;.
7 +
Kahn A, Rutledge R, Davis GL, et al:  Carboxyhemoglobin sources in the metropolitan St. Louis population . Arch Environ Health 29:127-135, 1974;.
8 +
Krone RJ, Goldbarg AN, Balkouram M, et al:  Effects of cigarette smoking at rest and during exercise: II. Role of venous return . J Appl Physiol 32:745-748, 1972;.
9 +
Hamill L, O'Neill RB:  Carbon monoxide intoxication in cigar smokers . Ir J Med Sci 2:273-277, 1969;.
10 +
Eisen ME, Hammond EC:  The effect of smoking on packed cell volume red blood cell counts, haemoglobin and platelet counts . Can Med Assoc J 35:520-523, 1956;.
11 +
Wilks SS, Tomashefski JF, Clark RT:  Physiological effects of chronic exposure to carbon monoxide . J Appl Physiol 143:305-310, 1959;.
12 +
Brieger H:  Carbon monoxide polycythemia . J Industr Hyg Tox 26:321-327, 1944;.
13 +
Benesch R, Benesch RE:  Intracellular organic phosphates as regulators of oxygen release by haemoglobin . Nature 221:618-620, 1969;.
14 +
Peterson JE, Stewart RD:  Absorption and elimination of carbon monoxide by inactive young men . Arch Environ Health 12:165-171, 1970;.
15 +
Kandall SR, Landaw SA, Thaler MM:  Carboxyhemoglobin exchange between donors and recipients of blood transfusions . Pediatrics 52:716-718, 1973;.
16 +
Aronow WS, Isbell MW:  Carbon monoxide effect on exercise-induced angina pectoris . Ann Int Med 79:392-395, 1973;.
17 +
Anderson EW, Anderman RJ, Strauch JM, et al:  Effect of low-level carbon monoxide exposure on onset and duration of angina pectoris . Ann Int Med 79:46-50, 1973;.
18 +
Middleton V, Van Poznak A, Artusio JF Jr, et al:  Carbon monoxide accumulation in closed circle anesthesia systems . Anesthesiology 26:715-719, 1965;.
19 +
Titmuss RM: The Gift Relationship: From Human Blood to Social Policy . New York, Pantheon Books, 1971.
20 +
Collins JA:  Problems associated with the massive transfusion of stored blood . Surgery 75:274-295, 1974;.

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1 +
Finck PA:  Exposure to carbon monoxide: Review of the literature and 576 autopsies . Milit Med 131:1513-1539, 1966;.
2 +
Air Quality Criteria for Carbon Monoxide , NAPCA Publication No. AP-62. Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Environmental Health Service, National Air Pollution Control Administration, 1970;.
3 +
The Health Consequences of Smoking. A Report of the Surgeon General, Government Printing Office Stock No. 1823-0051. Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Health Services and Mental Health Administration, 1970.
4 +
Shields CE:  Elevated carbon monoxide levels from smoking in blood donors . Transfusion 11:89-93, 1971;.
5 +
Millar RA, Gregory IG:  Reduced oxygen content in equilibrated fresh heparinized and ACD-stored blood from cigarette smokers . Br J Anaesth 44:1015-1019, 1972;.
6 +
Stewart RD, Baretta ED, Platte LR, et al:  Carboxyhemoglobin concentrations in blood from donors in Chicago, Milwaukee, New York and Los Angeles . Science 182:1362-1364, 1973;.
7 +
Kahn A, Rutledge R, Davis GL, et al:  Carboxyhemoglobin sources in the metropolitan St. Louis population . Arch Environ Health 29:127-135, 1974;.
8 +
Krone RJ, Goldbarg AN, Balkouram M, et al:  Effects of cigarette smoking at rest and during exercise: II. Role of venous return . J Appl Physiol 32:745-748, 1972;.
9 +
Hamill L, O'Neill RB:  Carbon monoxide intoxication in cigar smokers . Ir J Med Sci 2:273-277, 1969;.
10 +
Eisen ME, Hammond EC:  The effect of smoking on packed cell volume red blood cell counts, haemoglobin and platelet counts . Can Med Assoc J 35:520-523, 1956;.
11 +
Wilks SS, Tomashefski JF, Clark RT:  Physiological effects of chronic exposure to carbon monoxide . J Appl Physiol 143:305-310, 1959;.
12 +
Brieger H:  Carbon monoxide polycythemia . J Industr Hyg Tox 26:321-327, 1944;.
13 +
Benesch R, Benesch RE:  Intracellular organic phosphates as regulators of oxygen release by haemoglobin . Nature 221:618-620, 1969;.
14 +
Peterson JE, Stewart RD:  Absorption and elimination of carbon monoxide by inactive young men . Arch Environ Health 12:165-171, 1970;.
15 +
Kandall SR, Landaw SA, Thaler MM:  Carboxyhemoglobin exchange between donors and recipients of blood transfusions . Pediatrics 52:716-718, 1973;.
16 +
Aronow WS, Isbell MW:  Carbon monoxide effect on exercise-induced angina pectoris . Ann Int Med 79:392-395, 1973;.
17 +
Anderson EW, Anderman RJ, Strauch JM, et al:  Effect of low-level carbon monoxide exposure on onset and duration of angina pectoris . Ann Int Med 79:46-50, 1973;.
18 +
Middleton V, Van Poznak A, Artusio JF Jr, et al:  Carbon monoxide accumulation in closed circle anesthesia systems . Anesthesiology 26:715-719, 1965;.
19 +
Titmuss RM: The Gift Relationship: From Human Blood to Social Policy . New York, Pantheon Books, 1971.
20 +
Collins JA:  Problems associated with the massive transfusion of stored blood . Surgery 75:274-295, 1974;.

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