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November 18, 1974, Vol 230, No. 7 >
ARTICLE | November 18, 1974

Ribodeoxyviruses and Cancer FREE

Howard M. Temin, PhD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to McArdle Laboratory, University of Wisconsin, 450 N Randall Ave, Madison, WI 53706 (Dr. Temin).


JAMA. 1974;230(7):1043-1045. doi:10.1001/jama.1974.03240070075042
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References

Ribodeoxyviruses are viruses whose particles (virions) are enveloped and contain RNA and a DNA polymerase. Some of these viruses cause cancer, but most do not, nor any other disease. Ribodeoxyviruses replicate through a DNA intermediate, the DNA provirus. The DNA provirus can be assayed as infectious DNA.

Because ribodeoxyvirus information can be present in cells as a part of the cell genome, it needs no viral functions for its maintenance. Therefore, ribodeoxyviruses often persist in cells with little or no viral gene expression.

Most cancers in animals do not contain infectious ribodeoxyviruses, although they may contain ribodeoxyvirus genes and products. These same genes and products are, however, found with about the same frequency in normal cells, so that their presence in human tumors would not indicate an etiologic relationship between ribodeoxyviruses and human cancer.

It has been suggested that ribodeoxyviruses and the genes for cancer evolve independently from a normal cellular system of DNA-to-RNA-to-DNA information transfer.

(JAMA 230:1043-1045, 1974)

REFERENCES

1 +
Temin HM:  On the origin of RNA tumor viruses . Annu Rev Genet , to be published.
2 +
Temin HM:  On the origin of RNA tumor viruses . Harvey Lect , series 69, to be published.
3 +
Temin HM:  On the origin of the genes for neoplasia, 14th Annual GHA Clowes Memorial Lecture . Cancer Res , to be published.
4 +
Temin HM:  The cellular and molecular biology of RNA tumor viruses, especially avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses, and their relatives . Adv Cancer Res 19:47-104, 1974;.
5 +
Gross L: Oncogenic Viruses , ed 2. Oxford, England, Pergamon Press, Inc, 1970;.
6 +
Temin HM:  The nature of the provirus of Rous sarcoma . Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 17:557-570, 1974;.
7 +
Temin HM:  Mechanism of cell transformation by RNA tumor viruses . Annu Rev Microbiol 25:610-648, 1971;.
8 +
Temin HM:  From proviruses to protoviruses: RNA-directed DNA synthesis by RNA tumor viruses and cells , The Bertner Foundation Memorial Award Lecture, in Molecular Studies in Viral Neoplasia: 25th Annual Symposium on Fundamental Cancer Research, 1972 . Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co, 1974;, pp 7-38.
9 +
Hill M, Hillova J:  RNA and DNA forms of the genetic material of C-type viruses and the integrated state of the DNA form in the cellular chromosome . Biochim Biophys Acta 355:7-48, 1974;.
10 +
Cooper GM, Temin HM:  Infectious Rous sarcoma virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus DNAs . J Virol , to be published.
11 +
Kang C-Y, Temin HM:  Reticuloendotheliosis virus nucleic acid sequences in cellular DNA . J Virol , to be published.
12 +
Neiman PE:  Rous sarcoma virus nucleotide sequences in cellular DNA: Measurement by RNA-DNA hybridization . Science 178:750-752, 1972;.
13 +
Haase HT, Varmus HE:  Demonstration of a DNA provirus in the lytic growth of visna virus . Nature (New Biol) 245:237-239, 1973;.
14 +
Spiegelman S:  An in vitro analysis of a replicating molecule . Am Sci 55:221-254, 1967;.
15 +
Stavis RL, August JT:  The biochemistry of RNA bacteriophage replication . Annu Rev Biochem 39:527-560, 1970;.
16 +
Gross L:  Facts and theories on viruses causing cancer and leukemia . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 71:2013-2107, 1974;.
17 +
Humphries EH, Temin HM:  Requirement for cell division for initiation of transcription of Rous sarcoma virus RNA . J Virol 14:531-546, 1974;.
18 +
Coffin JM, Temin HM:  Hybridization of Rous sarcoma virus deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase products and ribonucleic acid from chicken and rat cells infected with Rous sarcoma virus . J Virol 9:766-775, 1972;.
19 +
Kotler M:  Interactions of avian sarcoma virus with rat embryo cells in cell culture . J Gen Virol 12:199-206, 1971;.
20 +
Varmus HE, Vogt PK, Bishop JM:  Integration of deoxyribonucleic acid specific for Rous sarcoma virus after infection of permissive and non-permissive host . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 70:3067-3071, 1973;.
21 +
Hanafusa H, Hanafusa T:  Non-infectious RSV deficient in DNA polymerase . Virology 43:313-316, 1971;.
22 +
Baluda MA, Moscovici C, Goetz IE:  Specificity of the in vitro inductive effect of avian myeloblastosis virus . Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 17:449-458, 1964;.
23 +
Neiman PE, Wright SE, McMillin C, et al:  Nucleotide sequence relationships of avian RNA tumor viruses: Measurement of the deletion in a transformation-defective mutant of Rous sarcoma virus . J Virol 13:837-846, 1974;.
24 +
Cooper GM, Temin HM:  Infectious DNA from cells infected with Rous sarcoma virus, reticuloendotheliosis virus, or Rous-associated virus-0 . Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol , to be published.
25 +
Chen JH, Hanafusa H:  Detection of the protein of avian leukoviruses in uninfected chick cells by radioimmunoassay . J Virol 13:340-346, 1974;.
26 +
Temin HM:  The protovirus hypothesis, guest editorial . J Natl Cancer Inst 46:III-VIII, 1971;.
27 +
Scolnick EM, Rands A, Williams D, et al:  Studies on the nucleic acid sequences of Kirsten sarcoma virus: A model for formation of the mammalian RNA-containing sarcoma virus . J Virol 12:458-463, 1973;.
28 +
Temin HM:  Homology between RNA from Rous sarcoma virus and DNA from Rous sarcoma virus-infected cells . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 52:323-329, 1964;.
29 +
Gally JA, Edelman GM:  The genetic control of immunoglobulin synthesis . Annu Rev Genet 6:1-46, 1972;.

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1 +
Temin HM:  On the origin of RNA tumor viruses . Annu Rev Genet , to be published.
2 +
Temin HM:  On the origin of RNA tumor viruses . Harvey Lect , series 69, to be published.
3 +
Temin HM:  On the origin of the genes for neoplasia, 14th Annual GHA Clowes Memorial Lecture . Cancer Res , to be published.
4 +
Temin HM:  The cellular and molecular biology of RNA tumor viruses, especially avian leukosis-sarcoma viruses, and their relatives . Adv Cancer Res 19:47-104, 1974;.
5 +
Gross L: Oncogenic Viruses , ed 2. Oxford, England, Pergamon Press, Inc, 1970;.
6 +
Temin HM:  The nature of the provirus of Rous sarcoma . Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 17:557-570, 1974;.
7 +
Temin HM:  Mechanism of cell transformation by RNA tumor viruses . Annu Rev Microbiol 25:610-648, 1971;.
8 +
Temin HM:  From proviruses to protoviruses: RNA-directed DNA synthesis by RNA tumor viruses and cells , The Bertner Foundation Memorial Award Lecture, in Molecular Studies in Viral Neoplasia: 25th Annual Symposium on Fundamental Cancer Research, 1972 . Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins Co, 1974;, pp 7-38.
9 +
Hill M, Hillova J:  RNA and DNA forms of the genetic material of C-type viruses and the integrated state of the DNA form in the cellular chromosome . Biochim Biophys Acta 355:7-48, 1974;.
10 +
Cooper GM, Temin HM:  Infectious Rous sarcoma virus and reticuloendotheliosis virus DNAs . J Virol , to be published.
11 +
Kang C-Y, Temin HM:  Reticuloendotheliosis virus nucleic acid sequences in cellular DNA . J Virol , to be published.
12 +
Neiman PE:  Rous sarcoma virus nucleotide sequences in cellular DNA: Measurement by RNA-DNA hybridization . Science 178:750-752, 1972;.
13 +
Haase HT, Varmus HE:  Demonstration of a DNA provirus in the lytic growth of visna virus . Nature (New Biol) 245:237-239, 1973;.
14 +
Spiegelman S:  An in vitro analysis of a replicating molecule . Am Sci 55:221-254, 1967;.
15 +
Stavis RL, August JT:  The biochemistry of RNA bacteriophage replication . Annu Rev Biochem 39:527-560, 1970;.
16 +
Gross L:  Facts and theories on viruses causing cancer and leukemia . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 71:2013-2107, 1974;.
17 +
Humphries EH, Temin HM:  Requirement for cell division for initiation of transcription of Rous sarcoma virus RNA . J Virol 14:531-546, 1974;.
18 +
Coffin JM, Temin HM:  Hybridization of Rous sarcoma virus deoxyribonucleic acid polymerase products and ribonucleic acid from chicken and rat cells infected with Rous sarcoma virus . J Virol 9:766-775, 1972;.
19 +
Kotler M:  Interactions of avian sarcoma virus with rat embryo cells in cell culture . J Gen Virol 12:199-206, 1971;.
20 +
Varmus HE, Vogt PK, Bishop JM:  Integration of deoxyribonucleic acid specific for Rous sarcoma virus after infection of permissive and non-permissive host . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 70:3067-3071, 1973;.
21 +
Hanafusa H, Hanafusa T:  Non-infectious RSV deficient in DNA polymerase . Virology 43:313-316, 1971;.
22 +
Baluda MA, Moscovici C, Goetz IE:  Specificity of the in vitro inductive effect of avian myeloblastosis virus . Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 17:449-458, 1964;.
23 +
Neiman PE, Wright SE, McMillin C, et al:  Nucleotide sequence relationships of avian RNA tumor viruses: Measurement of the deletion in a transformation-defective mutant of Rous sarcoma virus . J Virol 13:837-846, 1974;.
24 +
Cooper GM, Temin HM:  Infectious DNA from cells infected with Rous sarcoma virus, reticuloendotheliosis virus, or Rous-associated virus-0 . Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol , to be published.
25 +
Chen JH, Hanafusa H:  Detection of the protein of avian leukoviruses in uninfected chick cells by radioimmunoassay . J Virol 13:340-346, 1974;.
26 +
Temin HM:  The protovirus hypothesis, guest editorial . J Natl Cancer Inst 46:III-VIII, 1971;.
27 +
Scolnick EM, Rands A, Williams D, et al:  Studies on the nucleic acid sequences of Kirsten sarcoma virus: A model for formation of the mammalian RNA-containing sarcoma virus . J Virol 12:458-463, 1973;.
28 +
Temin HM:  Homology between RNA from Rous sarcoma virus and DNA from Rous sarcoma virus-infected cells . Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 52:323-329, 1964;.
29 +
Gally JA, Edelman GM:  The genetic control of immunoglobulin synthesis . Annu Rev Genet 6:1-46, 1972;.

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