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Thyroid Carcinoma and Radiation: Title and subTitle BreakA Chicago Endemic FREE

Leslie DeGroot, MD; Edward Paloyan, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to Box 138, 950 E 59th St, Chicago 60615 (Dr. DeGroot).


JAMA. 1973;225(5):487-491. doi:10.1001/jama.1973.03220320021007
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Radiation-associated thyroid carcinomas continue to occur with alarming frequency. Among 50 patients with thyroid carcinoma seen over the past four years, 20 had received prior neck x-ray treatment. These patients developed tumors an average of 20 years after x-ray exposure, and were nearly all under 35 years of age. Clinical findings were similar to those of the nonexposed carcinoma patients, but the tumors were less invasive and never undifferentiated. One patient in the x-ray group succumbed to the illness. Two thirds of our patients who have a history of known x-ray exposure and who showed clinical thyroid abnormalities had cancer. All patients who received significant x-ray exposure during childhood or adolescence should be examined for thyroid abnormalities, which may develop two or more decades after exposure.

REFERENCES

Duffy BJ, Fitzgerald PJ:  Cancer of the thyroid in children: A report of 28 cases . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 10:1296-1308, 1950;.
Wilson GM, et al:  Thyroid neoplasms following irradiation . Br Med J 2:929-934, 1958;.
Saenger EL, et al:  Neoplasia following therapeutic irradiation for benign conditions in childhood . Radiology 74:889-904, 1960;.
Wilson EH, Asper SP:  The role of x-ray therapy to the neck region in the production of thyroid cancer in young people . Arch Intern Med 105-244-251, 1960;.
Hemplemann LH:  Risk of thyroid neoplasms after irradiation in childhood . Science 160:159-163, 1968;.
Beach SA, Dolphin GW:  A study of the relationship between x-ray dose delivered to the thyroids of children and the subsequent development of malignant tumors . Phys Med Biol 6:583-598, 1962;.
Harness JK, Thompson NW, Nishiyama RH:  Childhood thyroid carcinoma . Arch Surg 102:278-284, 1971;.
Wilson SM, Platz C, Block GM:  Thyroid carcinoma after irradiation . Arch Surg 100:330-337, 1970;.
Hempelmann LH:  Radiation-induced thyroid neoplasms in man , in Young S, Inman DR (eds): Thyroid Neoplasia . London, Academic Press, 1968;, pp 267-277.
Socolow EL, et al:  Thyroid carcinoma in man after exposure to ionizing radiation. A summary of the findings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki . N Engl J Med 268:406-410, 1963;.
Conard RA, Dobyns BM, Sutow WW:  Thyroid neoplasia as late effect of exposure to radio-active iodine in fallout JAMA 214:316-324, 1970;.
Winship T, Rosvoll RV:  Thyroid carcinoma in childhood: Final report on a 20 year study . Clin Proc Child Hosp 26:327-348, 1970;.
Rafla S:  Anaplastic tumors of the thyroid . Cancer 23:668-677, 1969;.
Denoix P:  Principles of the TNM classification , in Hedinger CE (ed): Thyroid Cancer. Berlin , Springer-Verlag, 1969;, pp 244-245.
Bastenie PA, Ermans AM, Delespesse G:  Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and cancer of the thyroid , in Alexander P, Bacq ZM (eds): Thyroiditis and Thyroid Function . Oxford, Pergamon Press, 1972;, pp 159-170.
Shapiro SJ, et al:  Incidence of thyroid carcinoma in Graves' disease . Cancer 26:1261-1270, 1970;.
Glass HG, et al:  A rational approach to the thyroid malignancy problem . Am Surg 26:81-86, 1960;.
Russell WO, et al:  Thyroid carcinoma . Cancer 16:1425-1460, 1963;.
Iida F, Yonekura M, Miyakawa M:  Study of intraglandular dissemination of thyroid cancer . Cancer 24:764-771, 1969;.
McDermott WV, et al:  Cancer of the thyroid . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 14:1336-1354, 1954;.

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Duffy BJ, Fitzgerald PJ:  Cancer of the thyroid in children: A report of 28 cases . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 10:1296-1308, 1950;.
Wilson GM, et al:  Thyroid neoplasms following irradiation . Br Med J 2:929-934, 1958;.
Saenger EL, et al:  Neoplasia following therapeutic irradiation for benign conditions in childhood . Radiology 74:889-904, 1960;.
Wilson EH, Asper SP:  The role of x-ray therapy to the neck region in the production of thyroid cancer in young people . Arch Intern Med 105-244-251, 1960;.
Hemplemann LH:  Risk of thyroid neoplasms after irradiation in childhood . Science 160:159-163, 1968;.
Beach SA, Dolphin GW:  A study of the relationship between x-ray dose delivered to the thyroids of children and the subsequent development of malignant tumors . Phys Med Biol 6:583-598, 1962;.
Harness JK, Thompson NW, Nishiyama RH:  Childhood thyroid carcinoma . Arch Surg 102:278-284, 1971;.
Wilson SM, Platz C, Block GM:  Thyroid carcinoma after irradiation . Arch Surg 100:330-337, 1970;.
Hempelmann LH:  Radiation-induced thyroid neoplasms in man , in Young S, Inman DR (eds): Thyroid Neoplasia . London, Academic Press, 1968;, pp 267-277.
Socolow EL, et al:  Thyroid carcinoma in man after exposure to ionizing radiation. A summary of the findings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki . N Engl J Med 268:406-410, 1963;.
Conard RA, Dobyns BM, Sutow WW:  Thyroid neoplasia as late effect of exposure to radio-active iodine in fallout JAMA 214:316-324, 1970;.
Winship T, Rosvoll RV:  Thyroid carcinoma in childhood: Final report on a 20 year study . Clin Proc Child Hosp 26:327-348, 1970;.
Rafla S:  Anaplastic tumors of the thyroid . Cancer 23:668-677, 1969;.
Denoix P:  Principles of the TNM classification , in Hedinger CE (ed): Thyroid Cancer. Berlin , Springer-Verlag, 1969;, pp 244-245.
Bastenie PA, Ermans AM, Delespesse G:  Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis and cancer of the thyroid , in Alexander P, Bacq ZM (eds): Thyroiditis and Thyroid Function . Oxford, Pergamon Press, 1972;, pp 159-170.
Shapiro SJ, et al:  Incidence of thyroid carcinoma in Graves' disease . Cancer 26:1261-1270, 1970;.
Glass HG, et al:  A rational approach to the thyroid malignancy problem . Am Surg 26:81-86, 1960;.
Russell WO, et al:  Thyroid carcinoma . Cancer 16:1425-1460, 1963;.
Iida F, Yonekura M, Miyakawa M:  Study of intraglandular dissemination of thyroid cancer . Cancer 24:764-771, 1969;.
McDermott WV, et al:  Cancer of the thyroid . J Clin Endocrinol Metab 14:1336-1354, 1954;.
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