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June 11, 1973, Vol 224, No. 11 >
ARTICLE | June 11, 1973

Vitamin D: A Reawakening FREE

Paul A. Palmisano, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to University of Alabama Medical Center, University Station, Birmingham, Ala 35294.


JAMA. 1973;224(11):1526-1527. doi:10.1001/jama.1973.03220250048018
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References

Clear descriptions of the clinical picture of rickets were published in the 17th century although mention of various aspects of the syndrome goes back even further. That a chemical factor could reverse the rachitic process was well settled by the mid-1920s. It is now clear that a number of sterols can be rendered antirachitic under the influence of ultraviolet irradiation. The significant sterols, in this regard, are ergosterol (derived from plant sources) and 7-dehydrocholesterol (from animals). When appropriately irradiated, these compounds form ergocalciferol (vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3), respectively. Historically, "vitamin D1" was really found to be a mixture of substances and not a separate entity.

Vitamin D in Man  Of course, irradiating many types of plant or animal sterols will produce therapeutic amounts of D2 or D3 that can prevent or cure rickets when ingested. But it has been known for generations that irradiating

REFERENCES

1 +
Loomis WF:  Skin-pigment regulation of vitamin D biosynthesis in man . Science 157:501-506, 1967;.
2 +
Scriver CR:  Vitamin D dependency . Pediatrics 45:361-363, 1970;.
3 +
DeLuca HF, Steenbock H:  An in vitro effect of vitamin D on citrate oxidation by kidney mitochondria . Science 126:258, 1957;.
4 +
Seelig MS:  Vitamin D and cardiovascular, renal, and brain damage in infancy and childhood . Ann NY Acad Sci 147:537-582, 1969;.
5 +
Committee on Nutrition, American Academy of Pediatrics:  The prophylactic requirement and the toxicity of vitamin D . Pediatrics 31:512-525, 1963;.
6 +
Dent CE, Smith R:  Nutritional osteomalacia . Q J Med 38:195-209, 1969;.
7 +
DeLuca HF:  25-Hydroxycholecalciferol . Arch Intern Med 124:442-450, 1969;.
8 +
Trummel CL, et al:  25-Hydroxycholecalciferol: Stimulation of bone resorption in tissue culture . Science 163:1450-1451, 1969;.
9 +
Cousins RJ, DeLuca HF, Gray RW:  Metabolism of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in target and nontarget tissues . Biochemistry 9:3649-3652, 1970;.
10 +
Fraser DR, Kodicek E:  Unique biosynthesis by kidney of a biologically active vitamin D metabolite . Nature 228:764-766, 1970;.
11 +
Gray R, Boyle I, DeLuca HF:  Vitamin D metabolism: The role of kidney tissue . Science 172:1232-1233, 1971;.
12 +
Holick MF, Schones HF, DeLuca HF:  Identification of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, a form of vitamin D, metabolically active in the intestine . Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 68:803-804, 1971;.
13 +
Raisz LG:  A confusion of vitamin D's . N Engl J Med 287:926-927, 1972;.
14 +
Kimberg DV:  Effects of vitamin D and steroid hormones on the active transport of calcium by the intestine . N Engl J Med 280:1396-1405, 1969;.
15 +
Norman AW:  The mode of action of vitamin D . Biol Rev 43:97-137, 1968;.
16 +
Arnaud C, et al:  Vitamin D dependency: An inherited postnatal syndrome with secondary hyperparathyroidism . Pediatrics 46:871-880, 1970;.
17 +
Hahn TJ, et al:  Phenobarbital-induced acceleration of vitamin D metabolism . J Clin Invest 49:39 (abstract), 1970;.
18 +
DeLuca HF: Vitamin D:  A new look at an old vitamin . Nutr Rev 29:179-181, 1971;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Loomis WF:  Skin-pigment regulation of vitamin D biosynthesis in man . Science 157:501-506, 1967;.
2 +
Scriver CR:  Vitamin D dependency . Pediatrics 45:361-363, 1970;.
3 +
DeLuca HF, Steenbock H:  An in vitro effect of vitamin D on citrate oxidation by kidney mitochondria . Science 126:258, 1957;.
4 +
Seelig MS:  Vitamin D and cardiovascular, renal, and brain damage in infancy and childhood . Ann NY Acad Sci 147:537-582, 1969;.
5 +
Committee on Nutrition, American Academy of Pediatrics:  The prophylactic requirement and the toxicity of vitamin D . Pediatrics 31:512-525, 1963;.
6 +
Dent CE, Smith R:  Nutritional osteomalacia . Q J Med 38:195-209, 1969;.
7 +
DeLuca HF:  25-Hydroxycholecalciferol . Arch Intern Med 124:442-450, 1969;.
8 +
Trummel CL, et al:  25-Hydroxycholecalciferol: Stimulation of bone resorption in tissue culture . Science 163:1450-1451, 1969;.
9 +
Cousins RJ, DeLuca HF, Gray RW:  Metabolism of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol in target and nontarget tissues . Biochemistry 9:3649-3652, 1970;.
10 +
Fraser DR, Kodicek E:  Unique biosynthesis by kidney of a biologically active vitamin D metabolite . Nature 228:764-766, 1970;.
11 +
Gray R, Boyle I, DeLuca HF:  Vitamin D metabolism: The role of kidney tissue . Science 172:1232-1233, 1971;.
12 +
Holick MF, Schones HF, DeLuca HF:  Identification of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, a form of vitamin D, metabolically active in the intestine . Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 68:803-804, 1971;.
13 +
Raisz LG:  A confusion of vitamin D's . N Engl J Med 287:926-927, 1972;.
14 +
Kimberg DV:  Effects of vitamin D and steroid hormones on the active transport of calcium by the intestine . N Engl J Med 280:1396-1405, 1969;.
15 +
Norman AW:  The mode of action of vitamin D . Biol Rev 43:97-137, 1968;.
16 +
Arnaud C, et al:  Vitamin D dependency: An inherited postnatal syndrome with secondary hyperparathyroidism . Pediatrics 46:871-880, 1970;.
17 +
Hahn TJ, et al:  Phenobarbital-induced acceleration of vitamin D metabolism . J Clin Invest 49:39 (abstract), 1970;.
18 +
DeLuca HF: Vitamin D:  A new look at an old vitamin . Nutr Rev 29:179-181, 1971;.

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