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December 11, 1972, Vol 222, No. 11 >
ARTICLE | December 11, 1972

Possible Reproductive Detriment in LSD Users FREE

Cecil B. Jacobson, MD; Cheston M. Berlin, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Presented in part before the Society for Pediatric Research, Atlantic City, NJ, May 1,1970.

Reprint requests to 500 University Dr, Hershey, Pa 17033 (Dr. Berlin).


JAMA. 1972;222(11):1367-1373. doi:10.1001/jama.1972.03210110013004
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References

One hundred forty women and their consorts, admitting to the use of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) prior to or during pregnancy were observed through 148 pregnancies. There were 83 live newborns; 8 had major congenital defects. There were 65 abortions; 53 therapeutic and 12 spontaneous. Four of 14 embryos from therapeutic abortions showed gross anomalies. Forty-three percent of first-trimester pregnancies ended in spontaneous abortions. Four of eight serial pregnancies resulted in defective embryos or infants. Eight of 12 women have been unable to conceive again over an 18-month period.

The ingestion of other illicit drugs, the presence of infectious disease, and marginal maternal nutrition preclude a definitive correlation of increased reproductive risk with LSD ingestion. The presence of LSD ingestion, coupled with studies in animals and supported by DNA studies, suggests that LSD might be hazardous to human reproduction.

REFERENCES

1 +
Cohen MM, Marinello MJ, Back N:  Chromosomal damage in human leukocytes induced by lysergic acid diethylamide . Science 155:1417-1419, 1967;.
2 +
Alexander GJ, Gold GM, Miles BE, et al:  Lysergic acid diethylamide intake in pregnancy: Fetal damage in rats . J Pharmacol Exp Ther 173:48-59, 1970;.
3 +
Geber WF:  Congenital malformations induced by mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide, and bromolysergic acid in the hamster . Science 158:265-267, 1967;.
4 +
Roux C, Dupuis R, Aubry M: LSD:  No teratogenic action in rats, mice, and hamsters . Science 169:588-589, 1970;.
5 +
Zellweger H, McDonald JS, Abbo G:  Is lysergic acid diethylamide a teratogen? Lancet 2:1066-1068, 1967;.
6 +
Eller JL, Morton JM:  Bizarre deformities in offspring of user of lysergic acid diethylamide . New Eng J Med 283:395-397, 1970;.
7 +
Aaso JM, Laestadiue N, Smith DW:  Children of mothers who took LSD in pregnancy . Lancet 2:100-101, 1970;.
8 +
McGlothlin WH, Sparkes RS, Arnold DO:  Effect of LSD on human pregnancy . JAMA 212:1483-1487, 1970;.
9 +
Cheek FE, Newell S, Joffe M:  Deceptions in the illicit drug market . Science 167:1276, 1970;.
10 +
Yielding KL, Sterglanz H:  Lysergic acid diethylamide binding to deoxyribonucleic acid . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 128:1096-1098, 1968;.
11 +
Wagner TE:  In vitro interaction of LSD with purified calf thymus DNA . Nature 222:1170-1172, 1969;.
12 +
Khalili A, Marienfelf CJ, Wright HT, et al:  An approach to the estimation of the true number of congenital malformations . Pediatrics 46:712-720, 1970;.
13 +
Miller JR, Poland BJ:  The value of human abortuses in the surveillance of development anomalies: I. General overview . Canad Med Assoc J 103:501-502, 1970;.
14 +
Nishimura H, Takano K, Tanimura T, et al:  Normal and abnormal development of human embryos: First report of analysis of 1,213 intact embryos . Teratology 1:281-290, 1968;.
15 +
Warburton D, Fraser FC:  Spontaneous abortion risks in man . Amer J Hum Genet 16:1-25, 1964;.
16 +
Nora JJ, Vargo TA:  Congenital malformations in four animal species following exposure to dextroamphetamine . Southern Med J 62:1550, 1969;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

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1 +
Cohen MM, Marinello MJ, Back N:  Chromosomal damage in human leukocytes induced by lysergic acid diethylamide . Science 155:1417-1419, 1967;.
2 +
Alexander GJ, Gold GM, Miles BE, et al:  Lysergic acid diethylamide intake in pregnancy: Fetal damage in rats . J Pharmacol Exp Ther 173:48-59, 1970;.
3 +
Geber WF:  Congenital malformations induced by mescaline, lysergic acid diethylamide, and bromolysergic acid in the hamster . Science 158:265-267, 1967;.
4 +
Roux C, Dupuis R, Aubry M: LSD:  No teratogenic action in rats, mice, and hamsters . Science 169:588-589, 1970;.
5 +
Zellweger H, McDonald JS, Abbo G:  Is lysergic acid diethylamide a teratogen? Lancet 2:1066-1068, 1967;.
6 +
Eller JL, Morton JM:  Bizarre deformities in offspring of user of lysergic acid diethylamide . New Eng J Med 283:395-397, 1970;.
7 +
Aaso JM, Laestadiue N, Smith DW:  Children of mothers who took LSD in pregnancy . Lancet 2:100-101, 1970;.
8 +
McGlothlin WH, Sparkes RS, Arnold DO:  Effect of LSD on human pregnancy . JAMA 212:1483-1487, 1970;.
9 +
Cheek FE, Newell S, Joffe M:  Deceptions in the illicit drug market . Science 167:1276, 1970;.
10 +
Yielding KL, Sterglanz H:  Lysergic acid diethylamide binding to deoxyribonucleic acid . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 128:1096-1098, 1968;.
11 +
Wagner TE:  In vitro interaction of LSD with purified calf thymus DNA . Nature 222:1170-1172, 1969;.
12 +
Khalili A, Marienfelf CJ, Wright HT, et al:  An approach to the estimation of the true number of congenital malformations . Pediatrics 46:712-720, 1970;.
13 +
Miller JR, Poland BJ:  The value of human abortuses in the surveillance of development anomalies: I. General overview . Canad Med Assoc J 103:501-502, 1970;.
14 +
Nishimura H, Takano K, Tanimura T, et al:  Normal and abnormal development of human embryos: First report of analysis of 1,213 intact embryos . Teratology 1:281-290, 1968;.
15 +
Warburton D, Fraser FC:  Spontaneous abortion risks in man . Amer J Hum Genet 16:1-25, 1964;.
16 +
Nora JJ, Vargo TA:  Congenital malformations in four animal species following exposure to dextroamphetamine . Southern Med J 62:1550, 1969;.

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