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ARTICLE |

Cytarabine for Herpesvirus Infections FREE

William Hryniuk, MD; John Foerster, MD; Majid Shojania, MD; Anthony Chow, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to 700 Bannatyne Ave, Winnipeg 3, Manitoba, Canada. (Dr. Hryniuk).


JAMA. 1972;219(6):715-718. doi:10.1001/jama.1972.03190320021007
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The antileukemic agent cytarabine has recently been used to treat herpesvirus infections, but the regimens advocated for this purpose are high-dose prolonged infusions (100 mg/sq m of body surface per day for five days). The use of cytarabine as an antiviral agent has been restricted by the toxic effects produced with these regimens. We have treated ten patients with herpesvirus infections of wide range of severity using cytarabine infusions ranging from 10 to 100 mg/sq m /day for 1 1/2 to 7 days. In each case, the viral infection responded favorably soon after cytarabine therapy was started, even when low doses were given for short periods. The low-dose short-period infusions produced few toxic effects. Thus, cytarabine may be more useful as an antiviral agent than has previously been realized. Controlled studies are required to confirm this clinical impression.

REFERENCES

Buthala DA:  Cell culture studies on antiviral agents: I. Action of cytosine arabinoside and some comparison with 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 115:69-77, 1964;.
McKelvey EM, Kwaan HC:  Cytosine arabinoside therapy for disseminated herpes zoster in a patient with IgG pyroglobulinemia . Blood 34:706-711, 1969;.
Hall T, Wilfert C, Jaffe N, et al:  Treatment of varicella-zoster with cytosine arabinoside . Clin Res 17:470, 1969;.
Douglas RG, Anderson MS, Williams JW, et al:  Herpes virus pneumonia occurring in homotransplanted lung treated with cytosine arabinoside . Clin Res 17:365, 1969;.
Juel-Jensen BE:  Severe generalized primary herpes treated with cytarabine . Brit Med J 2:154-155, 1970;.
Prager D, Bruder M, Sawitsky A:  Disseminated varicella in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia: Treatment with cytosine arabinoside . J Pediat 78:321-323, 1971;.
Hryniuk WM, Bertino JR:  Treatment of leukemia with large doses of methotrexate and folinic acid: Clinical-biochemical correlates . J Clin Invest 48:2140-2155, 1969;.
Eaglstein WH, Katz R, Brown JA:  The effects of early corticosteroid therapy on the skin eruption and pain of herpes zoster . JAMA 211:1681-1683, 1970;.
Beals DF, Stedman E, Kouns DM:  Practical acetate membrane overlay method for multiple sample LDH isoenzyme separation and quantitation . Clin Chem 15:1210, 1969;.
Molin L:  Aspects of the natural history of herpes zoster . Acta Dermatovener 49:569-583, 1969;.
Juel-Jensen BE, MacCallum FD, Mackenzie AMR, et al:  Treatment of zoster with idoxyuridine in dimethyl sulfoxide: Results of two double-blind controlled trials . Brit Med J 4:776-780, 1970;.
Chaube S, Kreis W, Uchida K, et al:  The teratogemc effect of 1-B-D-arabinofura-nosylcytosine in the rat: Protection by deoxycytidine . Biochem Pharmacol 17:1213-1216, 1968;.
Mitchell MS, Wade ME, DeConte BC, et al:  Immunosuppressive effects of cytosine arabinoside and methotrexate in man . Ann Intern Med 70:535-547, 1969;.
Seligman B, Rosner F:  Varicella and cytosine arabinoside . Lancet 1:307-308, 1970;.
Merselis JG, Kaye D, Hook EW:  Disseminated herpes zoster . Arch Intern Med 113:679-686, 1964;.
Butel JS, Rapp F:  The effect of arabinofuranosylcytosine on the growth cycle of simian virus 40 . Virology 27:490-495, 1965;.

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Buthala DA:  Cell culture studies on antiviral agents: I. Action of cytosine arabinoside and some comparison with 5-iodo-2-deoxyuridine . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 115:69-77, 1964;.
McKelvey EM, Kwaan HC:  Cytosine arabinoside therapy for disseminated herpes zoster in a patient with IgG pyroglobulinemia . Blood 34:706-711, 1969;.
Hall T, Wilfert C, Jaffe N, et al:  Treatment of varicella-zoster with cytosine arabinoside . Clin Res 17:470, 1969;.
Douglas RG, Anderson MS, Williams JW, et al:  Herpes virus pneumonia occurring in homotransplanted lung treated with cytosine arabinoside . Clin Res 17:365, 1969;.
Juel-Jensen BE:  Severe generalized primary herpes treated with cytarabine . Brit Med J 2:154-155, 1970;.
Prager D, Bruder M, Sawitsky A:  Disseminated varicella in a patient with acute myelogenous leukemia: Treatment with cytosine arabinoside . J Pediat 78:321-323, 1971;.
Hryniuk WM, Bertino JR:  Treatment of leukemia with large doses of methotrexate and folinic acid: Clinical-biochemical correlates . J Clin Invest 48:2140-2155, 1969;.
Eaglstein WH, Katz R, Brown JA:  The effects of early corticosteroid therapy on the skin eruption and pain of herpes zoster . JAMA 211:1681-1683, 1970;.
Beals DF, Stedman E, Kouns DM:  Practical acetate membrane overlay method for multiple sample LDH isoenzyme separation and quantitation . Clin Chem 15:1210, 1969;.
Molin L:  Aspects of the natural history of herpes zoster . Acta Dermatovener 49:569-583, 1969;.
Juel-Jensen BE, MacCallum FD, Mackenzie AMR, et al:  Treatment of zoster with idoxyuridine in dimethyl sulfoxide: Results of two double-blind controlled trials . Brit Med J 4:776-780, 1970;.
Chaube S, Kreis W, Uchida K, et al:  The teratogemc effect of 1-B-D-arabinofura-nosylcytosine in the rat: Protection by deoxycytidine . Biochem Pharmacol 17:1213-1216, 1968;.
Mitchell MS, Wade ME, DeConte BC, et al:  Immunosuppressive effects of cytosine arabinoside and methotrexate in man . Ann Intern Med 70:535-547, 1969;.
Seligman B, Rosner F:  Varicella and cytosine arabinoside . Lancet 1:307-308, 1970;.
Merselis JG, Kaye D, Hook EW:  Disseminated herpes zoster . Arch Intern Med 113:679-686, 1964;.
Butel JS, Rapp F:  The effect of arabinofuranosylcytosine on the growth cycle of simian virus 40 . Virology 27:490-495, 1965;.
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