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August 2, 1971, Vol 217, No. 5 >
ARTICLE | August 2, 1971

Determination of the Drug Sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum FREE

Karl H. Rieckmann, MD
[+] Author Affiliations

Read before the Symposium on the Management of Malaria at the 119th annual convention of the American Medical Association, Chicago, June 24, 1970.

Reprint requests to 950 E 59th St, Chicago 60637 (Dr. Rieckmann).


JAMA. 1971;217(5):573-578. doi:10.1001/jama.1971.03190050031006
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References

Chloroquine-resistant infections of malaria are prevalent in many areas of Southeast Asia and South America and their importation into the United States will remain a problem during the foreseeable future. The sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and other antimalarial drugs can be determined by a simple in vitro technique. It provides an expedient method for identifying drug-resistant strains and is useful in assessing the blood schizontocidal activity of some antimalarial agents. During studies with the recently solated Vietnam (Marks) strain of P falciparum, parasites showed a marked degree of resistance to chloroquine in vivo and in vitro, but they were significantly more susceptible to amodiaquine. The findings suggest that some P falciparum infections resistant to chloroquine may respond more favorably to treatment with another 4-aminoquinoline.

REFERENCES

1 +
Terminology of Malaria and Malaria Eradication: Report of a Drafting Committee . Geneva, World Health Organization, 1963;.
2 +
 Chemotherapy of malaria: Report of a technical meeting . WHO Tech Rep Ser 375: 5-59, 1967;.
3 +
Rieckmann KH, Lopez Antunano FJ:  Chloroquine resistance of Plasmodium falciparum in Brazil detected by a simple in vitro method . Bull WHO , to be published.
4 +
Young MD, Porter JA Jr, Johnson CM:  Plasmodium vivax transmitted from man to monkey to man . Science 153:1006-1007, 1966;.
5 +
Geiman QM, Meagher, MJ:  Susceptibility of a new world monkey to Plasmodium falciparum from man . Nature 215: 437-439, 1967;.
6 +
Schmidt LH:  Chemotherapy of the drug-resistant malarias . Ann Rev Microbiol 23:427-454, 1969;.
7 +
Rieckmann KH, McNamara JV, Frischer H, et al:  Effects of chloroquine, quinine, and cycloguanil upon the maturation of asexual erythrocytic forms of two strains of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro . Amer J Trop Med Hyg 17:661-671, 1968;.
8 +
Ladda RL, Sprinz H:  Chloroquine sensitivity and pigment formation in rodent malaria . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 130:524-526, 1969;.
9 +
Polet H, Conrad ME:  In vitro studies on the amino acid metabolism of Plasmodium knowlesi and the antiplasmodial effect of the isoleucine antagonists . Milit Med 134 (special issue):939-944, 1969;.
10 +
Siddiqqi WA, Schnell JV, Geiman QM:  Use of a commercially-available culture medium to test the susceptibility of human malarial parasites to antimalarial drugs . J Parasit 56:188-189, 1970;.
11 +
Young MD:  Amodiaquine and hydroxychloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum . Amer J Trop Med Hyg 10:689-693, 1961;.
12 +
Jeffrey GM, Collins WE, Skinner JC:  Antimalarial drug trials on a multiresistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum . Amer J Trop Med Hyg 12:844-850, 1963;.
13 +
Powell RD, Brewer GJ, Alving AS:  Studies on a strain of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum from Columbia, South America . Amer J Trop Med Hyg 12:509-512, 1963;.
14 +
Powell RD, Brewer GJ: Alving AS, et al:  Studies on a strain of chloroquineresistant Plasmodium falciparum from Thailand . Bull WHO 30:29-44, 1964;.
15 +
Powell RD, Brewer GJ, DeGowin RL, et al:  Studies on a strain of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum from Viet-nam . Bull WHO 31:379-392, 1964;.
16 +
DeGowin RL, Powell RD:  Drug resistance of a strain of Plasmodium falciparum from Malaya . Amer J Trop Med Hyg 14:519-528, 1965;.
17 +
Martin DC, Arnold JD:  Studies on an East African strain of Plasmodium falciparum . Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 61:331-339, 1967;.
18 +
Schmidt LH, Vaughan D, Mueller D, et al:  Potential utility of other 4-aminoquinolines in treating Plasmodium falciparum infections resistant to chloroquine . Read before the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, San Francisco, 1970 .
19 +
Rieckmann KH, McNamara JV, Powell RD:  Effects of quinine and of chloroquine in vitro against a strain of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum that displayed a relative resistance to quinine in vivo . Milit Med 134 (special issue):795-801, 1969;.

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Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Terminology of Malaria and Malaria Eradication: Report of a Drafting Committee . Geneva, World Health Organization, 1963;.
2 +
 Chemotherapy of malaria: Report of a technical meeting . WHO Tech Rep Ser 375: 5-59, 1967;.
3 +
Rieckmann KH, Lopez Antunano FJ:  Chloroquine resistance of Plasmodium falciparum in Brazil detected by a simple in vitro method . Bull WHO , to be published.
4 +
Young MD, Porter JA Jr, Johnson CM:  Plasmodium vivax transmitted from man to monkey to man . Science 153:1006-1007, 1966;.
5 +
Geiman QM, Meagher, MJ:  Susceptibility of a new world monkey to Plasmodium falciparum from man . Nature 215: 437-439, 1967;.
6 +
Schmidt LH:  Chemotherapy of the drug-resistant malarias . Ann Rev Microbiol 23:427-454, 1969;.
7 +
Rieckmann KH, McNamara JV, Frischer H, et al:  Effects of chloroquine, quinine, and cycloguanil upon the maturation of asexual erythrocytic forms of two strains of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro . Amer J Trop Med Hyg 17:661-671, 1968;.
8 +
Ladda RL, Sprinz H:  Chloroquine sensitivity and pigment formation in rodent malaria . Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 130:524-526, 1969;.
9 +
Polet H, Conrad ME:  In vitro studies on the amino acid metabolism of Plasmodium knowlesi and the antiplasmodial effect of the isoleucine antagonists . Milit Med 134 (special issue):939-944, 1969;.
10 +
Siddiqqi WA, Schnell JV, Geiman QM:  Use of a commercially-available culture medium to test the susceptibility of human malarial parasites to antimalarial drugs . J Parasit 56:188-189, 1970;.
11 +
Young MD:  Amodiaquine and hydroxychloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum . Amer J Trop Med Hyg 10:689-693, 1961;.
12 +
Jeffrey GM, Collins WE, Skinner JC:  Antimalarial drug trials on a multiresistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum . Amer J Trop Med Hyg 12:844-850, 1963;.
13 +
Powell RD, Brewer GJ, Alving AS:  Studies on a strain of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum from Columbia, South America . Amer J Trop Med Hyg 12:509-512, 1963;.
14 +
Powell RD, Brewer GJ: Alving AS, et al:  Studies on a strain of chloroquineresistant Plasmodium falciparum from Thailand . Bull WHO 30:29-44, 1964;.
15 +
Powell RD, Brewer GJ, DeGowin RL, et al:  Studies on a strain of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum from Viet-nam . Bull WHO 31:379-392, 1964;.
16 +
DeGowin RL, Powell RD:  Drug resistance of a strain of Plasmodium falciparum from Malaya . Amer J Trop Med Hyg 14:519-528, 1965;.
17 +
Martin DC, Arnold JD:  Studies on an East African strain of Plasmodium falciparum . Trans Roy Soc Trop Med Hyg 61:331-339, 1967;.
18 +
Schmidt LH, Vaughan D, Mueller D, et al:  Potential utility of other 4-aminoquinolines in treating Plasmodium falciparum infections resistant to chloroquine . Read before the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, San Francisco, 1970 .
19 +
Rieckmann KH, McNamara JV, Powell RD:  Effects of quinine and of chloroquine in vitro against a strain of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum that displayed a relative resistance to quinine in vivo . Milit Med 134 (special issue):795-801, 1969;.

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