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Staphylococcus of a Newly Recognized Bacteriophage Type: Title and subTitle BreakReport of a Hospital Outbreak FREE

Daniel Lavine, MD; Valerie Hurst, PhD; Moses Grossman, MD; Myron Lee
[+] Author Affiliations

Reprint requests to University of California-San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco 94110 (Dr. Grossman).


From the departments of microbiology, pathology, and pediatrics, University of California-San Francisco Medical Center, and the San Francisco General Hospital.


JAMA. 1965;192(11):935-938. doi:10.1001/jama.1965.03080240005001
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An outbreak of staphylococcal enterocolitis in a large hospital called attention to the high incidence of staphylococcal pneumonia, surgical-wound sepsis, and other infections. The strain responsible was untypable with the international bacteriophages and appears to be a newly recognized bacteriophage type which is lysed only by experimental bacteriophages D, B5, 77Ad, UC18, and SF. All enterocolitis cases occurred among patients who had been treated with broad spectrum antibiotics, either for treatment of hepatic decompensation or in preparation for bowel surgery. Most of the other severe infections occurred among elderly or debilitated patients who were receiving antibiotics. With more discriminatory use of neomycin, the enterocolitis outbreak subsided, although the strain remains endemic in the hospital.

REFERENCES

Tisdale, W.A.; Fenster, L.F.; and Klatskin, G.:  Acute Staphylococcal Enterocolitis Complicating Oral Neomycin Therapy in Cirrhosis , New Eng J Med 263:1014-1016 ( (Nov 17) ) 1960;.
Altemeier, W.A.; Hummel, R.P.; and Hill, E.O.:  Staphylococcal Enterocolitis Following Antibiotic Therapy , Ann Surg 157: 847-857 ( (June) ) 1963;.
Blair, J.E., and Williams, R.E.O.:  Phage Typing of Staphylococci , Bull WHO 24:771-784, 1961;.
 Subcommittee on Phage Typing of Staphylococci: Minutes of the Third Meeting , Int Bull Bacterial Nomenclature 13:110-122 ( (April 15) ) 1963;.
Jevons, M.P., and Parker, M.T.:  Evolution of New Hospital Strains of Staphylococcus aureus , J Clin Path 17:243-250 ( (May) ) 1964;.
Jawetz, E., et al:  Laboratory Test for Bacterial Sensitivity to Combinations of Antibiotics , Amer J Clin Path 25:1016-1031 ( (Sept) ) 1955;.
Gresham, G.A., and Gleeson-White, M.H.:  Staphylococcal Bronchopneumonia in Debilitated Hospital Patients , Lancet 1: 651-653 ( (March 30) ) 1957;.
Mitchell, A.A.B., et al:  Staphylococcal Pulmonary Infection , Lancet 2:669-672 ( (Sept 23) ) 1961;.
Keene, W.R.; Minchew, B.H.; and Cluff, L.E.:  Studies of Epidemiology of Staphylococcal Infection. III. Clinical Factors in Susceptibility to Staphylococcal Disease , New Eng J Med 265:1128-1134 ( (Dec 7) ) 1961;.
Minchew, B.H., and Cluff, L.E.:  Studies of Epidemiology of Staphylococcal Infection. I. Infection in Hospitalized Patients , J Chronic Dis 13:354-373 ( (April) ) 1961;.
Burke, J.F., and Corrigan, E.A.:  Staphylococcal Epidemiology on Surgical Ward , New Eng J Med 264:321-325 ( (Feb 16) ) 1961;.
Dearing, W.H., and Needham, G.M.:  Hospitalized Patients With Staphylococcus in Intestine , JAMA 174:1597-1602 ( (Nov 19) ) 1960;.
Dearing, W.H.; Baggenstoss, A.H.; and Weed, L.A.:  Studies on Relationship of Staphylococcus aureus to Pseudomembranous Enteritis and to Postantibiotic Enteritis , Gastroenterology 38: 441-451 ( (March) ) 1960;.
Dineen, P.:  Effect of Reduction of Bowel Flora on Experimental Staphylococcal Infection in Mice , Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 104:760-762 ( (Aug) -Sept) 1960;.
White, A.:  Quantitative Studies of Nasal Carriers of Staphylococci Among Hospitalized Patients , J Clin Invest 40:23-30 ( (Jan) ) 1961;.
Berntsen, C.D., and McDermott, W.:  Increased Transmissibility of Staphylococci to Patients Receiving Antimicrobial Drug , New Eng J Med 262:637-642 ( (March 21) ) 1960;.
Knight, V.; White, A.C.; and Martin, M.P.:  Effect of Antimicrobial Drugs on Staphylococcal Flora of Hospital Patients , Ann Intern Med 49:536-543 ( (Sept) ) 1958;.
Kundsen, R.B.; Walter, C.W.; and Morin, P.:  Staphylococcus aureus UC18: Agent of Nosocomial Infection , Science 145: 1322-1323 ( (Sept 18) ) 1964;.
Comtois, R.D., and Bynoe, E.T.:  Report on Particular Phage Type of Staphylococcus Isolated in Some Hospitals in Canada , Canad J Public Health 54:357-362 ( (Aug) ) 1962;.
Hurst, V.:  Possible Relationship of Some Recently Recognized Strains of Staphylococcus , Health Lab Sci 2:122-125 ( (April) ) 1965;.

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Tisdale, W.A.; Fenster, L.F.; and Klatskin, G.:  Acute Staphylococcal Enterocolitis Complicating Oral Neomycin Therapy in Cirrhosis , New Eng J Med 263:1014-1016 ( (Nov 17) ) 1960;.
Altemeier, W.A.; Hummel, R.P.; and Hill, E.O.:  Staphylococcal Enterocolitis Following Antibiotic Therapy , Ann Surg 157: 847-857 ( (June) ) 1963;.
Blair, J.E., and Williams, R.E.O.:  Phage Typing of Staphylococci , Bull WHO 24:771-784, 1961;.
 Subcommittee on Phage Typing of Staphylococci: Minutes of the Third Meeting , Int Bull Bacterial Nomenclature 13:110-122 ( (April 15) ) 1963;.
Jevons, M.P., and Parker, M.T.:  Evolution of New Hospital Strains of Staphylococcus aureus , J Clin Path 17:243-250 ( (May) ) 1964;.
Jawetz, E., et al:  Laboratory Test for Bacterial Sensitivity to Combinations of Antibiotics , Amer J Clin Path 25:1016-1031 ( (Sept) ) 1955;.
Gresham, G.A., and Gleeson-White, M.H.:  Staphylococcal Bronchopneumonia in Debilitated Hospital Patients , Lancet 1: 651-653 ( (March 30) ) 1957;.
Mitchell, A.A.B., et al:  Staphylococcal Pulmonary Infection , Lancet 2:669-672 ( (Sept 23) ) 1961;.
Keene, W.R.; Minchew, B.H.; and Cluff, L.E.:  Studies of Epidemiology of Staphylococcal Infection. III. Clinical Factors in Susceptibility to Staphylococcal Disease , New Eng J Med 265:1128-1134 ( (Dec 7) ) 1961;.
Minchew, B.H., and Cluff, L.E.:  Studies of Epidemiology of Staphylococcal Infection. I. Infection in Hospitalized Patients , J Chronic Dis 13:354-373 ( (April) ) 1961;.
Burke, J.F., and Corrigan, E.A.:  Staphylococcal Epidemiology on Surgical Ward , New Eng J Med 264:321-325 ( (Feb 16) ) 1961;.
Dearing, W.H., and Needham, G.M.:  Hospitalized Patients With Staphylococcus in Intestine , JAMA 174:1597-1602 ( (Nov 19) ) 1960;.
Dearing, W.H.; Baggenstoss, A.H.; and Weed, L.A.:  Studies on Relationship of Staphylococcus aureus to Pseudomembranous Enteritis and to Postantibiotic Enteritis , Gastroenterology 38: 441-451 ( (March) ) 1960;.
Dineen, P.:  Effect of Reduction of Bowel Flora on Experimental Staphylococcal Infection in Mice , Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 104:760-762 ( (Aug) -Sept) 1960;.
White, A.:  Quantitative Studies of Nasal Carriers of Staphylococci Among Hospitalized Patients , J Clin Invest 40:23-30 ( (Jan) ) 1961;.
Berntsen, C.D., and McDermott, W.:  Increased Transmissibility of Staphylococci to Patients Receiving Antimicrobial Drug , New Eng J Med 262:637-642 ( (March 21) ) 1960;.
Knight, V.; White, A.C.; and Martin, M.P.:  Effect of Antimicrobial Drugs on Staphylococcal Flora of Hospital Patients , Ann Intern Med 49:536-543 ( (Sept) ) 1958;.
Kundsen, R.B.; Walter, C.W.; and Morin, P.:  Staphylococcus aureus UC18: Agent of Nosocomial Infection , Science 145: 1322-1323 ( (Sept 18) ) 1964;.
Comtois, R.D., and Bynoe, E.T.:  Report on Particular Phage Type of Staphylococcus Isolated in Some Hospitals in Canada , Canad J Public Health 54:357-362 ( (Aug) ) 1962;.
Hurst, V.:  Possible Relationship of Some Recently Recognized Strains of Staphylococcus , Health Lab Sci 2:122-125 ( (April) ) 1965;.
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