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January 25, 1965, Vol 191, No. 4 >
ARTICLE | January 25, 1965

Inhibition of the Immune Response by Phenylalanine: Title and subTitle BreakApplication to Skin Transplantation FREE

Wayne L. Ryan, PhD
[+] Author Affiliations

Read before the session on transplantation of the Fourth Multiple Discipline Research Forum at the 113th annual convention of the American Medical Association, San Francisco, June 24, 1964.

Reprint requests to University of Nebraska College of Medicine, 42nd and Dewey Ave, Omaha (Dr. Ryan).


From the Department of Biochemistry, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha.


JAMA. 1965;191(4):295-296. doi:10.1001/jama.1965.03080040037009
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In a previous study,1 phenylalanine (L-phenylalanine) was found to cause an inhibition of the immune response to diphtheria toxoid in rabbits and rats. Because phenylalanine interferes with the in vitro uptake of histidine, ornithine and tyrosine by the brain,2 it appeared that phenylalanine may inhibit antibody synthesis by limiting the uptake and intracellular availability of essential amino acids. A reduction in availability of amino acids may be the ultimate cause of the decrease of antibody synthesis.

The purpose of the present study was to analyze possible mechanisms of phenylalanine inhibition of the immune response and to determine if phenylalanine will inhibit the homograft reaction. Materials and Methods

Amino Acid Analyses.—  Twenty C57/HeJ mice were injected intraperitoneally with phenylalanine, 100 mg/day, for four days. The mice were killed by decapitation three hours after the last injection. The spleens were removed immediately, weighed, and frozen on solid carbon dioxide. The

REFERENCES

1 +
Ryan, W.L., and Carver, M.J.:  Inhibition of Immune Response by Phenylalanine , Science 143:479-480 ( (Jan) ) 1964;.
2 +
Neame, K.D.:  Phenylalanine as Inhibitor of Transport of Amino Acids in Brain , Nature 192:173 ( (Oct 14) ) 1961;.
3 +
Nathan, H.C., et al:  Detection of Agents Which Interfere With Immune Response , Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 107:796-799 ( (Oct) ) 1961;.
4 +
Stavitsky, A.B.:  Micromethods for Study of Proteins and Antibodies , J Immun 72:360-367 ( (May) ) 1954;.
5 +
Oates, J.A., et al:  Conversion of Phenylalanine to Phenethylamine in Patients with Phenylketonuria , Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 112:1078-1081 ( (May) ) 1963;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

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1 +
Ryan, W.L., and Carver, M.J.:  Inhibition of Immune Response by Phenylalanine , Science 143:479-480 ( (Jan) ) 1964;.
2 +
Neame, K.D.:  Phenylalanine as Inhibitor of Transport of Amino Acids in Brain , Nature 192:173 ( (Oct 14) ) 1961;.
3 +
Nathan, H.C., et al:  Detection of Agents Which Interfere With Immune Response , Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 107:796-799 ( (Oct) ) 1961;.
4 +
Stavitsky, A.B.:  Micromethods for Study of Proteins and Antibodies , J Immun 72:360-367 ( (May) ) 1954;.
5 +
Oates, J.A., et al:  Conversion of Phenylalanine to Phenethylamine in Patients with Phenylketonuria , Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 112:1078-1081 ( (May) ) 1963;.

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