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August 4, 1962, Vol 181, No. 5 >
ARTICLE | August 4, 1962

Clinical Science FREE

[+] Author Affiliations

From the departments of pathology, University of Pittsburgh, and Veterans Administration Hospital.

Senior Research Fellow, U.S. Public Health Service.


JAMA. 1962;181(5):396-403. doi:10.1001/jama.1962.03050310036008
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References

Whipple's Disease: Pathogenetic Considerations 

Electron Microscopic and Histochemical Observations  Edwin R. Fisher, M.D., PittsburghIN 1907, WHIPPLE1 described the features of an unusual gastrointestinal disorder which now bears his name. Whipple, as well as many subsequent investigators, considered the pathologic changes, notably the large, lipid-laden cystic spaces observed in the mucosa of the small intestine and regional lymph nodes, to be the result of a primary lipodystrophy. However, recent observers have been more impressed with the possible pathogenic implications of the abundant mucopolysaccharide present within the ubiquitous histiocytes observed in these lesions. The mucopolysaccharide has been variably defined histochemically as either neutral2-4 or acidic5 in type, and may be readily appreciated in tissue sections by the use of the periodic acid-Schiff staining technique.6 More recently, Sieracki and associates7-9 have called attention to the peculiar disposition of this material within these histiocytes in the form of

REFERENCES

1 +
Whipple, G. H.:  Hitherto Undescribed Disease Characterized Anatomically by Deposits of Fat and Fatty Acids in Intestinal and Mesenteric Lymphatic Tissue , Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 18:382-391, 1907;.
2 +
Christie, A. C., and Dalton, D. A. G.:  Fatal Case of Intestinal Lipodystrophy of Whipple Investigated During Life , J Path Bact 64:351-366, 1952;.
3 +
Casselman, W. G. B.; Macrae, A. I.; and Simmons, E. H.:  Histochemistry of Whipple's Disease , J Path Bact 68:67-84, 1954;.
4 +
Fisher, E. R., and Whitman, J.:  Whipple's Disease: Report of Case Apparently Cured and Discussion of Histochemical Features , Cleveland Clin Quart 21:213-221, 1954;.
5 +
Upton, A. C.:  Histochemical Investigation of Mesenchymal Lesions in Whipple's Disease , Amer J Clin Path 22:755-764, 1952;.
6 +
Black-Schaffer, B.:  Tinctorial Demonstration of Glycoprotein in Whipple's Disease , Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 72:225-227, 1949;.
7 +
Sieracki, J. C.:  Whipple's Disease: Observations on Systemic Involvement: I. Cytologic Observations , AMA Arch Path 66:464-467, 1958;.
8 +
Sieracki, J. C., and Fine, G.:  Whipple's Disease: Observations on Systemic Involvement: II. Gross and Histologic Observations , AMA Arch Path 67:81-93, 1959;.
9 +
Haubrich, W. S.; Watson, J. H. L.; and Sieracki, J. C.:  Unique Morphologic Features of Whipple's Disease: Study by Light and Electron Microscopy , Gastroenterology 39:454-468, 1960;.
10 +
Taft, L. I.; Liddelow, A. G.; and Ralston, M.:  Whipple's Disease: Clinicopathologic Study of 3 Cases , Aust Ann Med 8:129-136, 1959;.
11 +
Cohen, A. S., et al.:  Ultrastructural Abnormalities in Whipple's Disease , Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 105:411-414, 1960;.
12 +
Pearse, A. G. E.: Histochemistry: Theoretical and Applied , 2nd ed., Boston: Little, Brown & Company, 1960;.
13 +
DeDuve, C., and Hers, H. G.:  Carbohydrate Metabolism , Ann Rev Biochem 26:149-180, 1957;.
14 +
Monis, B.; Nachlas, M. M.; and Seligman, A. M.:  Histochemical Study of Three Dehydrogenase Systems in Human Tumors , Cancer 12:1238-1247, 1959;.
15 +
Fisher, E. R., and Fisher, B.:  Electron Microscopic, Histologic, and Histochemical Features of Walker Carcinoma , Cancer Res 21:527-531, 1961;.
16 +
Bennett, H. S.:  Suggestion as to Nature of Lysosome Granules , J Biophys Biochem Cytol ( (suppl.) ) 2:185, 1956;.
17 +
DeDuve, C.:  Lysosomes: New Group of Cytoplasmic Particles , in Subcellular Particles , Washington, D.C.: American Physiological Society, 1959;.
18 +
DeDuve, C.:  Function of Intracellular Hydrolases , Exp Cell Res ( (suppl.) ) 7:169-182, 1959;.
19 +
Novikoff, A. B.:  Lysosomes and Physiocology and Pathology of Cells , Biol Bull 117:385, 1959;.
20 +
Schneider, W. C.:  Biochemical Constitution of Mammalian Mitochondria , J Histochem Cytochem 1:212-233, 1953;.
21 +
Novikoff, A. B.; Beaufay, H.; and DeDuve, C.:  Electron Microscopy of Lysosome-Rich Fractions from Rat Liver , J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2:179-184, 1956;.
22 +
Monis, B., and Weinberg, T.:  Cytochemical Study of Esterase Activity of Human Neoplasms and Stromal Macrophages , Cancer 14:369-377, 1961;.
23 +
Fisher, E. R., and Paar, J.:  Carrageenin Granuloma in Guinea Pig and Rat: I. Effect of Hydrocortisone, Estradiol, and Mast Cell Depletion on Its Histological and Histochemical Features , Arch Path 70:565-575, 1960;.
24 +
Puite, R. H., and Tesluk, H.:  Whipple's Disease , Amer J Med 19:383-400, 1955;.
25 +
Gross, J. B., et al.:  Whipple's Disease: Report of Four Cases, Including Two in Brothers, with Observations on Pathologic Physiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment , Gastroenterology 36:65-93, 1959;.
26 +
Rosa, C. G., and Velardo, J. T.:  Histochemical Demonstration of Succinic Dehydrogenase Activity in Tissue Sections by Modified Technique , J Histochem Cytochem 2:110-114, 1954;.
27 +
Lillie, R. D.: Histopathologic Technic and Practical Histochemistry , ed. 2, New York City: Blakiston Co., 1954;.
28 +
Wachstein, M., and Meisel, E.:  Histochemistry of Hepatic Phosphatases at Physiologic pH , Amer J Clin Path 27:13-23, 1957;.
29 +
Nachlas, M. M.; Walker, D. G.; and Seligman, A. M.:  Histochemical Localization of Triphosphopyridinenucleotide Diaphorase , J Biophys Biochem Cytol 4:467-474, 1958;.
30 +
Rowlands, D. T., Jr., and Landing, B. H.:  Colonic Histiocytosis in Children , Amer J Path 36:201-212, 1960;.
31 +
Thurlbeck, W. M.; Benson, J. A., Jr.; and Dudley, H. R., Jr.:  Histopathologic Changes of Sprue and Their Significance , Amer J Clin Path 34:108-117, 1960;.

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Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

1 +
Whipple, G. H.:  Hitherto Undescribed Disease Characterized Anatomically by Deposits of Fat and Fatty Acids in Intestinal and Mesenteric Lymphatic Tissue , Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 18:382-391, 1907;.
2 +
Christie, A. C., and Dalton, D. A. G.:  Fatal Case of Intestinal Lipodystrophy of Whipple Investigated During Life , J Path Bact 64:351-366, 1952;.
3 +
Casselman, W. G. B.; Macrae, A. I.; and Simmons, E. H.:  Histochemistry of Whipple's Disease , J Path Bact 68:67-84, 1954;.
4 +
Fisher, E. R., and Whitman, J.:  Whipple's Disease: Report of Case Apparently Cured and Discussion of Histochemical Features , Cleveland Clin Quart 21:213-221, 1954;.
5 +
Upton, A. C.:  Histochemical Investigation of Mesenchymal Lesions in Whipple's Disease , Amer J Clin Path 22:755-764, 1952;.
6 +
Black-Schaffer, B.:  Tinctorial Demonstration of Glycoprotein in Whipple's Disease , Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 72:225-227, 1949;.
7 +
Sieracki, J. C.:  Whipple's Disease: Observations on Systemic Involvement: I. Cytologic Observations , AMA Arch Path 66:464-467, 1958;.
8 +
Sieracki, J. C., and Fine, G.:  Whipple's Disease: Observations on Systemic Involvement: II. Gross and Histologic Observations , AMA Arch Path 67:81-93, 1959;.
9 +
Haubrich, W. S.; Watson, J. H. L.; and Sieracki, J. C.:  Unique Morphologic Features of Whipple's Disease: Study by Light and Electron Microscopy , Gastroenterology 39:454-468, 1960;.
10 +
Taft, L. I.; Liddelow, A. G.; and Ralston, M.:  Whipple's Disease: Clinicopathologic Study of 3 Cases , Aust Ann Med 8:129-136, 1959;.
11 +
Cohen, A. S., et al.:  Ultrastructural Abnormalities in Whipple's Disease , Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 105:411-414, 1960;.
12 +
Pearse, A. G. E.: Histochemistry: Theoretical and Applied , 2nd ed., Boston: Little, Brown & Company, 1960;.
13 +
DeDuve, C., and Hers, H. G.:  Carbohydrate Metabolism , Ann Rev Biochem 26:149-180, 1957;.
14 +
Monis, B.; Nachlas, M. M.; and Seligman, A. M.:  Histochemical Study of Three Dehydrogenase Systems in Human Tumors , Cancer 12:1238-1247, 1959;.
15 +
Fisher, E. R., and Fisher, B.:  Electron Microscopic, Histologic, and Histochemical Features of Walker Carcinoma , Cancer Res 21:527-531, 1961;.
16 +
Bennett, H. S.:  Suggestion as to Nature of Lysosome Granules , J Biophys Biochem Cytol ( (suppl.) ) 2:185, 1956;.
17 +
DeDuve, C.:  Lysosomes: New Group of Cytoplasmic Particles , in Subcellular Particles , Washington, D.C.: American Physiological Society, 1959;.
18 +
DeDuve, C.:  Function of Intracellular Hydrolases , Exp Cell Res ( (suppl.) ) 7:169-182, 1959;.
19 +
Novikoff, A. B.:  Lysosomes and Physiocology and Pathology of Cells , Biol Bull 117:385, 1959;.
20 +
Schneider, W. C.:  Biochemical Constitution of Mammalian Mitochondria , J Histochem Cytochem 1:212-233, 1953;.
21 +
Novikoff, A. B.; Beaufay, H.; and DeDuve, C.:  Electron Microscopy of Lysosome-Rich Fractions from Rat Liver , J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2:179-184, 1956;.
22 +
Monis, B., and Weinberg, T.:  Cytochemical Study of Esterase Activity of Human Neoplasms and Stromal Macrophages , Cancer 14:369-377, 1961;.
23 +
Fisher, E. R., and Paar, J.:  Carrageenin Granuloma in Guinea Pig and Rat: I. Effect of Hydrocortisone, Estradiol, and Mast Cell Depletion on Its Histological and Histochemical Features , Arch Path 70:565-575, 1960;.
24 +
Puite, R. H., and Tesluk, H.:  Whipple's Disease , Amer J Med 19:383-400, 1955;.
25 +
Gross, J. B., et al.:  Whipple's Disease: Report of Four Cases, Including Two in Brothers, with Observations on Pathologic Physiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment , Gastroenterology 36:65-93, 1959;.
26 +
Rosa, C. G., and Velardo, J. T.:  Histochemical Demonstration of Succinic Dehydrogenase Activity in Tissue Sections by Modified Technique , J Histochem Cytochem 2:110-114, 1954;.
27 +
Lillie, R. D.: Histopathologic Technic and Practical Histochemistry , ed. 2, New York City: Blakiston Co., 1954;.
28 +
Wachstein, M., and Meisel, E.:  Histochemistry of Hepatic Phosphatases at Physiologic pH , Amer J Clin Path 27:13-23, 1957;.
29 +
Nachlas, M. M.; Walker, D. G.; and Seligman, A. M.:  Histochemical Localization of Triphosphopyridinenucleotide Diaphorase , J Biophys Biochem Cytol 4:467-474, 1958;.
30 +
Rowlands, D. T., Jr., and Landing, B. H.:  Colonic Histiocytosis in Children , Amer J Path 36:201-212, 1960;.
31 +
Thurlbeck, W. M.; Benson, J. A., Jr.; and Dudley, H. R., Jr.:  Histopathologic Changes of Sprue and Their Significance , Amer J Clin Path 34:108-117, 1960;.

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