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TRACHOMA-STUDIES OF ETIOLOGY, LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS, AND PREVENTION FREE

J. Thomas Grayston, M.D.; San-Pin Wang, M.D.; Robert L. Woolridge, M.S.; Yen-Fei Yang, M.D.; Paul B. Johnston, Ph.D.
[+] Author Affiliations

Read before the 52nd annual meeting of the Formosan Medical Association, Taipei, Nov. 21, 1959.


Taipei, Taiwan (Formosa)

From the United States Naval Medical Research Unit no. 2 (NAMRU-2), the Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, and the Department of Medicine, University of Chicago.


JAMA. 1960;172(15):1577-1586. doi:10.1001/jama.1960.03020150001001
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Material from 116 human eyes infected with trachoma was used successfully for the isolation of viruses by culturing in the yolk sac of chick embryos. Five strains of virus were isolated. All five killed embryos on second passage, and all five fixed complement with both serum from patients with lymphogranuloma venereum and a guinea pig psittacosis antiserum. The virus thus made available for laboratory study was used in tests for sensitivity to drugs. Penicillin, sulfisoxazole, and oxytetracycline were effective against the virus even in the smallest amounts used. The virus produced typical acute follicular conjunctivitis in six human volunteers. A vaccine was produced from the virus and elicited a significant antibody response in monkeys and human subjects. Evidence that the vaccine had both preventive and curative value was obtained.

REFERENCES

T'ang, F. F.; Chang, H. L.; Huang, Y. T.; and Wang, K. C.:  Studies on Etiology of Trachoma with Special Reference to Isolation of Virus in Chick Embryo , Chinese M. J. 75:429-447 ( (June) ) 1957;.
Collier, L. H., and Sowa, J.:  Isolation of Trachoma Virus in Embryonate Eggs , Lancet 1:993-996 ( (May) ) 1958;.
Snyder, J. C., and others:  Observations on Etiology of Trachoma , Am. J. Ophth. 48:325-329 ( (Sept.) ) 1959;.
Bernkopf, H.; Nishmi, M.; Maythar, B., and Feitelberg, I.:  Trachoma Infection in Human Volunteer Produced by Egg-Cultured Virus , A. M. A. Arch. Ophth. 62:33-34 ( (July) ) 1959;.
Grayston, J. T.; Wang, S. P.; and Johnston, P. B.:  Etiologic Studies of Trachoma on Taiwan , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. , to be published.
Expert Committee on Trachoma: First Report, World Health Organ. Tech. Rep. Ser. no. 59 ( Sept. ) 1954.
Expert Committee on Trachoma: Second Report, World Health Organ. Tech. Rep. Ser. no. 106 (May) 1956.
Bell, S. D., Jr.; Snyder, J. C.; and Murray, E. S.:  Immunization of Mice against Toxic Doses of Homologous Elementary Bodies of Trachoma , Science 130:626-627 ( (Sept.) ) 1959;.
Thygeson, P.:  Present Status of Laboratory Research in Trachoma , Bull. World Health Organ. 19:129-152, 1958;.
Nigg, C.; Hilleman, M. R.; and Bowser, B. M.:  Studies on Lymphogranuloma Venereum Complement-Fixing Antigens: Enhancement by Phenol or Boiling , J. Immunol. 53:259-268 ( (July) ) 1946;.
Woolridge, R. L., and Grayston, J. T.: Purification Studies with Trachoma Virus, to be published.
Maffei, S.:  Evolutive and Nonevolutive Trachoma , read before Annual Meeting of Formosan Medical Association, Taipei, Nov. 22, 1959 .
Collier, L. H.:  Recent Advances in Virology of Trachoma, Inclusion Conjunctivitis and Allied Diseases , Brit. M. Bull. 15:231-234 ( (Sept.) ) 1959;.
Collier, L. H.; Duke-Elder, S.; and Jones, B. R.:  Experimental Trachoma Produced by Cultured Virus , Brit. J. Ophth. 42:705-720 ( (Dec.) ) 1958;.
Smith, C. H.:  Accidental Laboratory Infection with Trachoma , Brit. J. Ophth. 42:721-722 ( (Dec.) ) 1958;.
Feng, M.; Chang, R. S.; Smith, T. R.; and Snyder, J. C.:  Adenoviruses Isolated from Saudi Arabia: Pathogenicity of Certain Strains for Man , Am. J. Trop. Med. 8:501-504 ( (July) ) 1959;.
Gordon, F. B.; Quan, A. L.; and Trimmer, R. W.:  Morphologic Observations on Trachoma Virus in Cell Cultures , Science , to be published.

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T'ang, F. F.; Chang, H. L.; Huang, Y. T.; and Wang, K. C.:  Studies on Etiology of Trachoma with Special Reference to Isolation of Virus in Chick Embryo , Chinese M. J. 75:429-447 ( (June) ) 1957;.
Collier, L. H., and Sowa, J.:  Isolation of Trachoma Virus in Embryonate Eggs , Lancet 1:993-996 ( (May) ) 1958;.
Snyder, J. C., and others:  Observations on Etiology of Trachoma , Am. J. Ophth. 48:325-329 ( (Sept.) ) 1959;.
Bernkopf, H.; Nishmi, M.; Maythar, B., and Feitelberg, I.:  Trachoma Infection in Human Volunteer Produced by Egg-Cultured Virus , A. M. A. Arch. Ophth. 62:33-34 ( (July) ) 1959;.
Grayston, J. T.; Wang, S. P.; and Johnston, P. B.:  Etiologic Studies of Trachoma on Taiwan , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. , to be published.
Expert Committee on Trachoma: First Report, World Health Organ. Tech. Rep. Ser. no. 59 ( Sept. ) 1954.
Expert Committee on Trachoma: Second Report, World Health Organ. Tech. Rep. Ser. no. 106 (May) 1956.
Bell, S. D., Jr.; Snyder, J. C.; and Murray, E. S.:  Immunization of Mice against Toxic Doses of Homologous Elementary Bodies of Trachoma , Science 130:626-627 ( (Sept.) ) 1959;.
Thygeson, P.:  Present Status of Laboratory Research in Trachoma , Bull. World Health Organ. 19:129-152, 1958;.
Nigg, C.; Hilleman, M. R.; and Bowser, B. M.:  Studies on Lymphogranuloma Venereum Complement-Fixing Antigens: Enhancement by Phenol or Boiling , J. Immunol. 53:259-268 ( (July) ) 1946;.
Woolridge, R. L., and Grayston, J. T.: Purification Studies with Trachoma Virus, to be published.
Maffei, S.:  Evolutive and Nonevolutive Trachoma , read before Annual Meeting of Formosan Medical Association, Taipei, Nov. 22, 1959 .
Collier, L. H.:  Recent Advances in Virology of Trachoma, Inclusion Conjunctivitis and Allied Diseases , Brit. M. Bull. 15:231-234 ( (Sept.) ) 1959;.
Collier, L. H.; Duke-Elder, S.; and Jones, B. R.:  Experimental Trachoma Produced by Cultured Virus , Brit. J. Ophth. 42:705-720 ( (Dec.) ) 1958;.
Smith, C. H.:  Accidental Laboratory Infection with Trachoma , Brit. J. Ophth. 42:721-722 ( (Dec.) ) 1958;.
Feng, M.; Chang, R. S.; Smith, T. R.; and Snyder, J. C.:  Adenoviruses Isolated from Saudi Arabia: Pathogenicity of Certain Strains for Man , Am. J. Trop. Med. 8:501-504 ( (July) ) 1959;.
Gordon, F. B.; Quan, A. L.; and Trimmer, R. W.:  Morphologic Observations on Trachoma Virus in Cell Cultures , Science , to be published.
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