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RESPONSE OF PREGNANT WOMEN AND THEIR INFANTS TO POLIOMYELITIS VACCINE: Title and subTitle BreakDISTRIBUTION OF POLIOVIRUS ANTIBODY IN PREGNANT WOMEN BEFORE AND AFTER VACCINATION—TRANSFER, PERSISTENCE, AND INDUCTION OF ANTIBODIES IN INFANTS FREE

Mauricio Martins da Silva, M.D.; Konald A. Prem, M.D.; Eugene A. Johnson, Ph.D.; John L. McKelvey, M.D.; Jerome T. Syverton, M.D.
[+] Author Affiliations

Minneapolis

From the Department of Pediatrics (Dr. Martins da Silva), the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Drs. Prem and McKelvey), the School of Public Health (Dr. Johnson), and the Department of Bacteriology and Immunology (Dr. Syverton), University of Minnesota Medical School. Dr. Martins da Silva is now with the Pan American Sanitary Bureau, World Health Organization, Washington, D. C.


JAMA. 1958;168(1):1-5. doi:10.1001/jama.1958.03000010053002
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Sixty-five per cent of unvaccinated pregnant women lacked antibodies to one or more poliovirus types, according to neutralization tests on serum done with HeLa cell cultures. Two injections of formalinized poliomyelitis vaccine given during pregnancy reduced the incidence of incompletely protected women to 18%. The infant at birth usually showed passively acquired antibodies at a level equal to or slightly below that of his mother, eliminated half of the antibodies in about five weeks after birth, and retained measurable amounts of antibodies for postnatal periods proportional to the content received at birth. On immunization with two injections of vaccine when the infants were one year old or less, their antibody responses were poorer than those of their mothers.

REFERENCES

Aycock, W. L., and Kramer, S. D.:  Immunity to Poliomyelitis in Mothers and Newborn as Shown by Neutralization Test , J. Exper. Med. 52:457-464 ( (Oct.) ) 1930;.
Theiler, M.:  Studies on Poliomyelitis , Medicine 20:443-462 ( (Dec.) ) 1941;.
Pait, C. F.; Kessel, J. F.; and Grossman, P.: (b)  Neutralization of Mouse-Adapted Poliomyelitis Virus by Sera of Children , abstracted, J. Bact. 51:614 ( (May) ) 1946;
 Neutralization of Mouse-Adapted Poliomyelitis Virus by Sera of Patients, Family Contacts, and Normal Children in Los Angeles , Am. J. Hyg. 47:335-344 ( (May) ) 1948;.
Pinto, M. R.:  Peripheral Inoculation of Lansing Poliomyelitis Virus in Rodents: Susceptibility and Development of Immunity , Am. J. Hyg. 48:361-380 ( (Nov.) ) 1948;.
Gear, J. H. S.:  Distribution of Antibodies to Poliomyelitis Virus in General Population , in Poliomyelitis: Papers and Discussions Presented at the Third International Poliomyelitis Conference, Philadelphia , J. B. Lippincott Company, 1955;, pp. 137-148.
Paul, J. R.:  Epidemiology of Poliomyelitis , in Poliomyelitis , World Health Organization monograph series 26, New York, Columbia University Press, 1955;, pp. 9-29.
Gear, J. H. S.: (b)  Poliomyelitis in Under-developed Areas of World, in Poliomyelitis , Poliomyelitis 1955;, pp. 31-58
Epidemiological Patterns of Poliomyelitis in Southern Africa, Med. South Africa (supp. to South African M. J.), pp. 19-25, 1957.
Martins da Silva, M., and Syverton, J. T.:  Poliomyelitis Survey in Rio de Janeiro , Pub. Health Rep. 71:395-398 ( (April) ) 1956;.
Salk, J. E., and others:  Studies in Human Subjects on Active Immunization Against Poliomyelitis: I. Preliminary Report of Experiments in Progress , J. A. M. A. 151:1081-1098 ( (March 28) ) 1953;.
Syverton, J. T., and Scherer, W. F.:  Application of Mammalian Cells in Continuous Culture for Assays in Virology , Ann. New York Acad. Sc. 58:1056-1071 ( (Nov. 17) ) 1954;.
Roberston, H. E.; Brunner, K. T.; and Syverton, J. T.:  Propagation in Vitro of Poliomyelitis Viruses: VII. pH Change of HeLa Cell Cultures for Assay , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 88:119-122 ( (Jan.) ) 1955;.
Aronson, S. M., and Shwartzman, G.:  Pathology of Muscle Changes in Experimental Poliomyelitis Enhanced with Aid of Cortisone , A. M. A. Arch. Path. 56:557-571 ( (Dec.) ) 1953;.
Von Magnus, H., and others:  Polio Vaccination in Denmark in April-June 1955: I. Production of Formalinized Poliovaccine and Preliminary Results , Danish M. Bull. 2:226-233 ( (Dec.) ) 1955;.
Salk, J. E.:  Antigenic Potency of Poliomyelitis Vaccine: Influence on Degree and Duration of Vaccine Effect , J. A. M. A. 162:1451-1459 ( (Dec. 15) ) 1956;.

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Aycock, W. L., and Kramer, S. D.:  Immunity to Poliomyelitis in Mothers and Newborn as Shown by Neutralization Test , J. Exper. Med. 52:457-464 ( (Oct.) ) 1930;.
Theiler, M.:  Studies on Poliomyelitis , Medicine 20:443-462 ( (Dec.) ) 1941;.
Pait, C. F.; Kessel, J. F.; and Grossman, P.: (b)  Neutralization of Mouse-Adapted Poliomyelitis Virus by Sera of Children , abstracted, J. Bact. 51:614 ( (May) ) 1946;
 Neutralization of Mouse-Adapted Poliomyelitis Virus by Sera of Patients, Family Contacts, and Normal Children in Los Angeles , Am. J. Hyg. 47:335-344 ( (May) ) 1948;.
Pinto, M. R.:  Peripheral Inoculation of Lansing Poliomyelitis Virus in Rodents: Susceptibility and Development of Immunity , Am. J. Hyg. 48:361-380 ( (Nov.) ) 1948;.
Gear, J. H. S.:  Distribution of Antibodies to Poliomyelitis Virus in General Population , in Poliomyelitis: Papers and Discussions Presented at the Third International Poliomyelitis Conference, Philadelphia , J. B. Lippincott Company, 1955;, pp. 137-148.
Paul, J. R.:  Epidemiology of Poliomyelitis , in Poliomyelitis , World Health Organization monograph series 26, New York, Columbia University Press, 1955;, pp. 9-29.
Gear, J. H. S.: (b)  Poliomyelitis in Under-developed Areas of World, in Poliomyelitis , Poliomyelitis 1955;, pp. 31-58
Epidemiological Patterns of Poliomyelitis in Southern Africa, Med. South Africa (supp. to South African M. J.), pp. 19-25, 1957.
Martins da Silva, M., and Syverton, J. T.:  Poliomyelitis Survey in Rio de Janeiro , Pub. Health Rep. 71:395-398 ( (April) ) 1956;.
Salk, J. E., and others:  Studies in Human Subjects on Active Immunization Against Poliomyelitis: I. Preliminary Report of Experiments in Progress , J. A. M. A. 151:1081-1098 ( (March 28) ) 1953;.
Syverton, J. T., and Scherer, W. F.:  Application of Mammalian Cells in Continuous Culture for Assays in Virology , Ann. New York Acad. Sc. 58:1056-1071 ( (Nov. 17) ) 1954;.
Roberston, H. E.; Brunner, K. T.; and Syverton, J. T.:  Propagation in Vitro of Poliomyelitis Viruses: VII. pH Change of HeLa Cell Cultures for Assay , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 88:119-122 ( (Jan.) ) 1955;.
Aronson, S. M., and Shwartzman, G.:  Pathology of Muscle Changes in Experimental Poliomyelitis Enhanced with Aid of Cortisone , A. M. A. Arch. Path. 56:557-571 ( (Dec.) ) 1953;.
Von Magnus, H., and others:  Polio Vaccination in Denmark in April-June 1955: I. Production of Formalinized Poliovaccine and Preliminary Results , Danish M. Bull. 2:226-233 ( (Dec.) ) 1955;.
Salk, J. E.:  Antigenic Potency of Poliomyelitis Vaccine: Influence on Degree and Duration of Vaccine Effect , J. A. M. A. 162:1451-1459 ( (Dec. 15) ) 1956;.
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