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THE WESTERN RESERVE ANESTHESIA MACHINE, OXYGEN INHALATOR, AND RESUSCITATOR FREE

Robert A. Hingson, M.D.
[+] Author Affiliations

Read before the Section on Anesthesiology at the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, New York, June 6, 1957.


Cleveland

Professor of Anesthesia, School of Medicine, Western Reserve University, and Director of Anesthesia, University Hospitals of Cleveland.


JAMA. 1958;167(9):1077-1082. doi:10.1001/jama.1958.02990260019005
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Anesthesia can be induced quickly and maintained for periods of 3 to 20 minutes in obstetric, pediatric, dental, and traumatic cases by administering cyclopropane with helium and oxygen from thumb-sized cylinders. The mixture of 30% oxygen, 30% helium, and 40% cyclopropane is nonexplosive. Administration is accomplished by an easily portable machine here described. This midget type of anesthesia machine has been used to anesthetize more than 8,500 patients in the course of five years. It has also been uses successfully in asministering oxygen in units of 3,400 cc. for resuscitation or for brief periods of oxygen therapy. Because of its simplicity the machine is easily refilled or disassembled for cleaning. Clinical experience and laboratory data have shown it to be safe and effective when properly used.

REFERENCES

Lelievre, R. E., and Eickhoff, T. C.: Development of Non-explosive Helium-Oxygen-Cyclopropane Anesthetic Mixture for Use in Western Reserve Portable Anesthesia Machine, Thesis, Western Reserve University School of Medicine.
Hingson, R. A.:  New Portable Anesthetic Gas Machine and Resuscitator: Preliminary Report , J. A. M. A. 156:604-606 ( (Oct. 9) ) 1954;.
Hingson, R. A., and Hellman, L. M.: Anesthesia for Obstetrics: Labor, Delivery, Infant Care , Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1956;.
Tricomi, V.; Bauer, D. P.; and Hellman, L. M.:  Applications of the Reserve Midget Machine in Obstetrical Anesthesia: Preliminary Report , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 72:326-331 ( (Aug.) ) 1956;.
Hingson, R. A., and Corcoran, J. W.:  A New Portable Resuscitator and Anesthetic Gas Machine , Dental Digest 61:303 ( (July) ) 1955;.
Gregg, E. C.: Personal communication to the author.
Brown, C. A., and Weiss, M.: Sampling and Analysis of Cyclopropane Anesthesia Mixtures, to be published.
Jones, G. W.; Kennedy, R. E.; and Thomas, G. J.: Explosive Properties of Cyclopropane: Prevention of Explosions by Dilution with Inert Gases , R. I. 3511 (1940) and 653 (1943;),
Hickcox, C. B., in Anesthesiology by Forty American Authors , edited by D. E. Hale, Philadelphia, F. A. Davis Company, 1955;, pp. 706-724.
Dill, D. B.:  Introduction, Symposium on Mouth-to-Mouth Resuscitation (Expired Air Inflation): Report to Council on Medical Physics , J. A. M. A. 167:317-319 ( (May 17) ) 1958;.
Gordon, A. S., and others:  Mouth-to-Mouth Versus Manual Artificial Respiration for Children and Adults , J. A. M. A. 167:320-328 ( (May 17) ) 1958;.
Elam, J. O.; Greene, D. G.; and Clements, J. A.:  Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Exchange and Energy Cost of Expired Air Resuscitation , J. A. M. A. 167:328-334 ( (May 17) ) 1958;.
Safar, P.:  Ventilatory Efficacy of Mouth-to-Mouth Artificial Respiration , J. A. M. A. 167:335-341 ( (May 17) ) 1958;.

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Lelievre, R. E., and Eickhoff, T. C.: Development of Non-explosive Helium-Oxygen-Cyclopropane Anesthetic Mixture for Use in Western Reserve Portable Anesthesia Machine, Thesis, Western Reserve University School of Medicine.
Hingson, R. A.:  New Portable Anesthetic Gas Machine and Resuscitator: Preliminary Report , J. A. M. A. 156:604-606 ( (Oct. 9) ) 1954;.
Hingson, R. A., and Hellman, L. M.: Anesthesia for Obstetrics: Labor, Delivery, Infant Care , Philadelphia, J. B. Lippincott Company, 1956;.
Tricomi, V.; Bauer, D. P.; and Hellman, L. M.:  Applications of the Reserve Midget Machine in Obstetrical Anesthesia: Preliminary Report , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 72:326-331 ( (Aug.) ) 1956;.
Hingson, R. A., and Corcoran, J. W.:  A New Portable Resuscitator and Anesthetic Gas Machine , Dental Digest 61:303 ( (July) ) 1955;.
Gregg, E. C.: Personal communication to the author.
Brown, C. A., and Weiss, M.: Sampling and Analysis of Cyclopropane Anesthesia Mixtures, to be published.
Jones, G. W.; Kennedy, R. E.; and Thomas, G. J.: Explosive Properties of Cyclopropane: Prevention of Explosions by Dilution with Inert Gases , R. I. 3511 (1940) and 653 (1943;),
Hickcox, C. B., in Anesthesiology by Forty American Authors , edited by D. E. Hale, Philadelphia, F. A. Davis Company, 1955;, pp. 706-724.
Dill, D. B.:  Introduction, Symposium on Mouth-to-Mouth Resuscitation (Expired Air Inflation): Report to Council on Medical Physics , J. A. M. A. 167:317-319 ( (May 17) ) 1958;.
Gordon, A. S., and others:  Mouth-to-Mouth Versus Manual Artificial Respiration for Children and Adults , J. A. M. A. 167:320-328 ( (May 17) ) 1958;.
Elam, J. O.; Greene, D. G.; and Clements, J. A.:  Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Exchange and Energy Cost of Expired Air Resuscitation , J. A. M. A. 167:328-334 ( (May 17) ) 1958;.
Safar, P.:  Ventilatory Efficacy of Mouth-to-Mouth Artificial Respiration , J. A. M. A. 167:335-341 ( (May 17) ) 1958;.
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