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ARTICLE |

NEW SET OF TYPE A INFLUENZA VIRUSES FREE

Keith E. Jensen, Ph.D.
[+] Author Affiliations

Montgomery, Ala.

From the Communicable Disease Center, Public Health Service, U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.


JAMA. 1957;164(18):2025-2029. doi:10.1001/jama.1957.02980180027007
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• Four major immunological types of virus (A, B, C, and D) are now known to cause influenza; each comprises a completely distinct group. Within type A are variants with marked antigenic differences, and groups of these strains comprise sets or families. In May, 1957, representative strains from a new set, now termed Far East (FE) or Asian influenza A were isolated from epidemics of influenza in Singapore. Only slight antigenic similarity is evident between the FE viruses and other type A influenza strains. Serologic diagnosis may be made with either hemagglutination-inhibition or complement-fixation tests with the new antigens.

REFERENCES

Meyer, H. M., and others:  New Antigenic Variant in Far East Epidemic , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 95:609-616 ( (July) ) 1957;.
Francis, T., Jr.:  Vaccination Against Influenza , Bull. World Health Organ. 8:725-744, 1953;.
Salk, J. E.:  Interpretation of Significance of Influenza Virus Variation for Development of Effective Vaccine , Bull. New York Acad. Med. 28:748-765 ( (Nov.) ) 1952;.
Jensen, K. E.:  Nature of Serological Relationships Among Influenza Viruses , in Advances in Virus Research , vol. 4, New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1957;, pp. 279-310.
Shope, R. E.:  Incidence of Neutralizing Antibodies for Swine Influenza Viruses in Sera of Human Beings of Different Ages , J. Exper. Med. 63:669-684 ( (May) ) 1936;.
Davenport, F. M.; Hennessy, A. V.; and Francis, T., Jr.:  Epidemiologic and Immunologic Significance of Age Distribution of Antibody to Antigenic Variants of Influenza Virus , J. Exper. Med. 98:641-656 ( (Dec.) ) 1953;.
Footnotes 2 and 3.
Andrewes, C. H.: Personal communication to the author.
Payne, A. M.-M.: Personal communication to the author.
Isaacs, A.: Personal communication to the author.
Jensen, K. E.:  Influenza , in Diagnostic Procedures for Virus and Rickettsial Diseases , New York, American Public Health Association, 1956;, pp. 241-262.
Footnotes 1 and 6a.
Isaacs, A.:  Particle Counts and Infectivity Titrations for Animal Viruses , in Advances in Virus Research , vol. 4, New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1957;, pp. 111-158.
Tamm, I.:  Influenza Virus—Erythrocyte Interaction: Reversible Reaction Between Lee Virus and Cat Erythrocytes , J. Immunol. 73:180-189 ( (Sept.) ) 1954;.
Jensen, K. E., and others: Unpublished data.
Sugg, J. Y.:  Influenza Virus Pneumonia of Mice That Is Nontransferable by Serial Passage , J. Bact. 57:399-403 ( (April) ) 1949;.
Footnotes 1, 3, 7a, and 12.
Mulder, J.: Personal communication to the author.
Francis, T., Jr.:  Influenza: The Newe Acquayantance, James D. Bruce Memorial Lecture , Ann. Int. Med. 39:203-221 ( (Aug.) ) 1953;.
Jensen, K. E.; Davenport, F. M.; Hennessy, A. V.; and Francis, T., Jr.:  Characterization of Influenza Antibodies by Serum Absorption , J. Exper. Med. 104:199-209 ( (Aug.) ) 1956;.
Hilleman, M. R.: Personal communication to the author.
Francis, T., Jr.: Personal communication to the author.
Broun, G. O.: Personal communication to the author.
Murray, R.: Personal communication to the author.
Davenport, F. M.: Personal communication to the author.
Footnotes 20 and 21.
Footnotes 1 and 12.
Footnotes 4b and 16b.
Dingle, J.: Personal communication to the author.
Hennessy, A. V.: Personal communication to the author. Footnote 12.
McKinney, R.: Personal communication to the author. (b) Footnote 1.
Footnotes 1, 12, and 27a.

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Meyer, H. M., and others:  New Antigenic Variant in Far East Epidemic , Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 95:609-616 ( (July) ) 1957;.
Francis, T., Jr.:  Vaccination Against Influenza , Bull. World Health Organ. 8:725-744, 1953;.
Salk, J. E.:  Interpretation of Significance of Influenza Virus Variation for Development of Effective Vaccine , Bull. New York Acad. Med. 28:748-765 ( (Nov.) ) 1952;.
Jensen, K. E.:  Nature of Serological Relationships Among Influenza Viruses , in Advances in Virus Research , vol. 4, New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1957;, pp. 279-310.
Shope, R. E.:  Incidence of Neutralizing Antibodies for Swine Influenza Viruses in Sera of Human Beings of Different Ages , J. Exper. Med. 63:669-684 ( (May) ) 1936;.
Davenport, F. M.; Hennessy, A. V.; and Francis, T., Jr.:  Epidemiologic and Immunologic Significance of Age Distribution of Antibody to Antigenic Variants of Influenza Virus , J. Exper. Med. 98:641-656 ( (Dec.) ) 1953;.
Footnotes 2 and 3.
Andrewes, C. H.: Personal communication to the author.
Payne, A. M.-M.: Personal communication to the author.
Isaacs, A.: Personal communication to the author.
Jensen, K. E.:  Influenza , in Diagnostic Procedures for Virus and Rickettsial Diseases , New York, American Public Health Association, 1956;, pp. 241-262.
Footnotes 1 and 6a.
Isaacs, A.:  Particle Counts and Infectivity Titrations for Animal Viruses , in Advances in Virus Research , vol. 4, New York, Academic Press, Inc., 1957;, pp. 111-158.
Tamm, I.:  Influenza Virus—Erythrocyte Interaction: Reversible Reaction Between Lee Virus and Cat Erythrocytes , J. Immunol. 73:180-189 ( (Sept.) ) 1954;.
Jensen, K. E., and others: Unpublished data.
Sugg, J. Y.:  Influenza Virus Pneumonia of Mice That Is Nontransferable by Serial Passage , J. Bact. 57:399-403 ( (April) ) 1949;.
Footnotes 1, 3, 7a, and 12.
Mulder, J.: Personal communication to the author.
Francis, T., Jr.:  Influenza: The Newe Acquayantance, James D. Bruce Memorial Lecture , Ann. Int. Med. 39:203-221 ( (Aug.) ) 1953;.
Jensen, K. E.; Davenport, F. M.; Hennessy, A. V.; and Francis, T., Jr.:  Characterization of Influenza Antibodies by Serum Absorption , J. Exper. Med. 104:199-209 ( (Aug.) ) 1956;.
Hilleman, M. R.: Personal communication to the author.
Francis, T., Jr.: Personal communication to the author.
Broun, G. O.: Personal communication to the author.
Murray, R.: Personal communication to the author.
Davenport, F. M.: Personal communication to the author.
Footnotes 20 and 21.
Footnotes 1 and 12.
Footnotes 4b and 16b.
Dingle, J.: Personal communication to the author.
Hennessy, A. V.: Personal communication to the author. Footnote 12.
McKinney, R.: Personal communication to the author. (b) Footnote 1.
Footnotes 1, 12, and 27a.
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