IMMEDIATE EFFECT OF CHEWING TOBACCO ON CIRCULATION OF HABITUAL CHEWERS FREE

David L. Simon, M.D.; Arnold Iglauer, M.D.; John R. Braunstein, M.D.; Robert E. Rakel

[+] Author Affiliations

Cincinnati

From the Cardiac Laboratory, Department of Internal Medicine, Cincinnati General Hospital, and Kettering Laboratory, University of Cincinnati.

JAMA. 1957;163(5):354-356. doi:10.1001/jama.1957.82970400003009a

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ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT | REFERENCES

Although the annual consumption of chewing tobacco in the United States is 81 million pounds,¹ practically no information is available about its clinical or physiological effect or specifically about its effect on the heart and circulation.² To advise patients who are habitual chewers regarding chewing, it is important to know what changes in the pulse rate or rhythm, blood pressure, skin temperature (reflecting peripheral vasoconstriction), ballistocardiographic wave forms, arrhythmias, and circulation may be produced by chewing tobacco. Accordingly, men who chewed tobacco habitually were studied before, during, and after chewing both standard commercial tobacco (1.53% nicotine) and low-nicotine tobacco (0.31 to 0.47% nicotine). In addition, a questionnaire was sent to distinguished cardiologists, internists, and other physicians interested in peripheral vascular diseases to learn their experience with the effects of chewing tobacco on the heart or circulation. None had had personal experience with the effects of chewing tobacco on

REFERENCES

ABSTRACT | REFERENCES

Tobacco Situation , United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Marketing Service, (June 10) , 1955;.

Haag, H. B., and Larson, P. S.: Some Chemical and Pharmacological Observations on "Low Nicotine" Tobacco , Science 97:187-188 ( (Feb. 19) ) 1943;.

Kaiser, W., and Donalies, G.: Nicotinahusus durch tabakkauen , Arch. Toxicologie 15:204-209 ( (Jan.) ) 1955;.

Braunstein, J. R.; Oelker, C. E.; and Gowdy, R. C.: Design of 2-Dimensional Ballistocardiograph , J. Clin. Invest. 29:1219-1226 ( (Sept.) ) 1950;.

Roth, G. M.: Tobacco and the Cardiovascular System: Effects of Smoking and of Nicotine on Normal Persons , Publication 100, American Lecture Series, monograph in American Lectures in Circulation, Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1951;.

Grollman, A.: Pharmacology and Therapeutics: Textbook for Students and Practitioners of Medicine , Philadelphia, Lea & Febiger, 1951;.

Dock, W.; Mandelbaum, H.; and Mandelbaum, R. A.: Ballistocardiography: Application of Direct Ballistocardiograph to Clinical Medicine , St. Louis, C. V. Mosby Company, 1953;.

Levy, R. L., and others: Some Effects of Intravenous Injection of Nicotine on Circulation in Normal Persons and in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease , Tr. A. Am. Physicians 59:177-179, 1946;.

Starr, I., and Hildreth, E. A.: Changes in Ballistocardiograms of Healthy Persons and of Patients, in Most Cases Followed for Period of 10 Years or Longer , Tr. A. Am. Physicians 64:59-64, 1951;.

Henderson, C. B.: Ballistocardiograms After Cigarette Smoking in Health and in Coronary Heart Disease , Brit. Heart J. 15:278-286 ( (July) ) 1953;.

Scarborough, W. R., and others: Review of Ballistocardiography , Am. Heart J. 44:910-946 ( (Dec.) ) 1952;.

Simon, D. L.; Iglauer, A.; and Braunstein, J.: Immediate Effect of Cigarettes on Circulation of Healthy and Habitual Male Smokers , Am. Heart J. 48:185-188 ( (Aug.) ) 1954;.

Study of Cigarettes, Cigarette Smoke, and Filters: 1. Filter-Tip Cigarettes, report of the Chemical Laboratory , J. A. M. A. 152:917-920 ( (July 4) ) 1953;.

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