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December 12, 1953, Vol 153, No. 15 >
ARTICLE | December 12, 1953

PHYSIOLOGICAL AND CLINICAL ASPECTS OF CONCEPTION FREE

Edward T. Tyler, M.D.
[+] Author Affiliations

Portions of these studies were aided by a grant from the Ortho Research Foundation.

Read before the Section on Obstetrics and Gynecology at the 102nd Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, New York, June 3, 1953.

The estradiol trimethylacetate (Estrotate), progesterone, and chorionic gonadotropin (Choriogonin) were supplied by Dr. H. L. Daiell, Lakeside Laboratories, and the ethisterone (Pranone) by Dr. Edward Henderson, Schering Corporation.


JAMA. 1953;153(15):1351-1356. doi:10.1001/jama.1953.02940320023007
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References

Medical research in the past few decades has made great strides, and as a result many physiological and pathological processes have been clarified to a remarkable degree. Yet, some of the most basic biological phenomena have stubbornly resisted laboratory and clinical investgation, with real progress occurring only in slow and painstaking stages. In this class is the phenomenon of human reproduction. Although there have been numerous and varied recent attempts to elaborate on the mechanism of this complicated process, there is much that is still obscure. This report reviews certain of the known aspects of normal reproduction and attempts to correlate these with a number of conditions found in clinical infertility.

In the male, endocrine stimulation from the anterior pituitary is responsible for normal testicular function, including the production of male sex hormone or hormones and sperm. The pituitary follicle-stimulating fraction (F. S. H.), under hypothalamic influence, is believed to

REFERENCES

1 +
Landau, R. L., and Loughead, R.:  Seminal Fructose Concentration as Index of Androgenic Activity in Man , J. Clin. Endocrinol. 11: 1411, 1951;.
2 +
Bickers, W.:  Patterns of Uterine Motility in Relation to Spermigration , Fertil. & Steril. 2:342, 1951;.
3 +
Pommerenke, W. T., and Viergiver, E.:  Relationship Between Cervical Mucus and Basal Temperature Cycles , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 54: 676, 1947;.
4 +
Tyler, A.:  Fertilization and Immunity , Physiol. Rev. 28: 180, 1948;.
5 +
Brown, R. L.:  Rate of Transport of Spermia in Human Uterus and Tubes , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 47:407, 1944;.
6 +
Seymour, F. I., and Benmosche, M.:  Magnification of Spermatozoa by Means of Electron Microscope: Preliminary Report , J. A. M. A. 116: 2489 ( (May 31) ) 1941;.
7 +
Tyler, A., and Tyler, E. T.:  Electron Microscope Studies of Spermatozoa , A. M. A. Scientific Exhibit , 1946;.
8 +
Chang, M. C.:  Fertility and Sterility as Revealed in Study of Fertilization and Development of Rabbit Eggs , Fertil. & Steril. 2: 206, 1951;.
9 +
Decker, A.:  Culdoscopic Observations on Tubo-Ovarian Mechanism of Ovum Reception , Fertil. & Steril. 2:253, 1951;.
10 +
Tyler, E. T.:  Fallacies in Infertility , Urol. & Cutan. Rev. 55:344, 1951;.
11 +
Tyler, E. T., and Payne, S.:  Spermatogenesis and Therapy of Infertility , J. A. M. A. 134:770 ( (June 28) ) 1947;.
12 +
Howard, R. P.; Sniffen, R. C.; Simmons, F. A., and Albright, F.:  Testicular Deficiency: Clinical and Pathologic Study , J. Clin. Endocrinol. 10: 121, 1950;.
13 +
Tyler, E. T.:  The Thyroid Myth in Infertility , Fertil. & Steril. 4:218, 1953;.
14 +
Heller, C. G., and others:  Improvement in Spermatogenesis Following Depression of Human Testis with Testosterone , Fertil. & Steril. 1:415, 1950;.
15 +
Singher, H.: Personal communication to the author.
16 +
Hughes, F.: A. M. A. Scientific Exhibit , 1952;.

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1 +
Landau, R. L., and Loughead, R.:  Seminal Fructose Concentration as Index of Androgenic Activity in Man , J. Clin. Endocrinol. 11: 1411, 1951;.
2 +
Bickers, W.:  Patterns of Uterine Motility in Relation to Spermigration , Fertil. & Steril. 2:342, 1951;.
3 +
Pommerenke, W. T., and Viergiver, E.:  Relationship Between Cervical Mucus and Basal Temperature Cycles , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 54: 676, 1947;.
4 +
Tyler, A.:  Fertilization and Immunity , Physiol. Rev. 28: 180, 1948;.
5 +
Brown, R. L.:  Rate of Transport of Spermia in Human Uterus and Tubes , Am. J. Obst. & Gynec. 47:407, 1944;.
6 +
Seymour, F. I., and Benmosche, M.:  Magnification of Spermatozoa by Means of Electron Microscope: Preliminary Report , J. A. M. A. 116: 2489 ( (May 31) ) 1941;.
7 +
Tyler, A., and Tyler, E. T.:  Electron Microscope Studies of Spermatozoa , A. M. A. Scientific Exhibit , 1946;.
8 +
Chang, M. C.:  Fertility and Sterility as Revealed in Study of Fertilization and Development of Rabbit Eggs , Fertil. & Steril. 2: 206, 1951;.
9 +
Decker, A.:  Culdoscopic Observations on Tubo-Ovarian Mechanism of Ovum Reception , Fertil. & Steril. 2:253, 1951;.
10 +
Tyler, E. T.:  Fallacies in Infertility , Urol. & Cutan. Rev. 55:344, 1951;.
11 +
Tyler, E. T., and Payne, S.:  Spermatogenesis and Therapy of Infertility , J. A. M. A. 134:770 ( (June 28) ) 1947;.
12 +
Howard, R. P.; Sniffen, R. C.; Simmons, F. A., and Albright, F.:  Testicular Deficiency: Clinical and Pathologic Study , J. Clin. Endocrinol. 10: 121, 1950;.
13 +
Tyler, E. T.:  The Thyroid Myth in Infertility , Fertil. & Steril. 4:218, 1953;.
14 +
Heller, C. G., and others:  Improvement in Spermatogenesis Following Depression of Human Testis with Testosterone , Fertil. & Steril. 1:415, 1950;.
15 +
Singher, H.: Personal communication to the author.
16 +
Hughes, F.: A. M. A. Scientific Exhibit , 1952;.

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