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ARTICLE |

ACUTE PSYCHOSIS AS A COMPLICATION OF HYDRALAZINE THERAPY IN ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION FREE

Capt. Marvin Moser, MCCapt. ; James SynerCapt. ; Sidney MalitzCol. ; Thomas W. Mattingly, MC
[+] Author Affiliations

The hexamethonium used in this study was supplied by E. R. Squibb Co., New York; the Dibenzyline by Smith, Kline and French Laboratories, Philadelphia; the hydralazine (Apresoline) by Ciba Pharmaceutical Co., Summit, N. J.; and hexamethonium chloride (Methium) by the Chilcott Laboratories, Morris Plains, N. J.


U.S.A.F.; U. S. Army, Washington, D. C.

From the Cardiovascular-Renal Section, Medical Service, and Neuropsychiatric Division, Army Medical Service Graduate School, Walter Reed Army Medical Center.


JAMA. 1953;152(14):1329-1331. doi:10.1001/jama.1953.63690140001008
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Considerable publicity has recently been given to the newer hypotensive agents. The most promising of these drugs, hexamethonium, a ganglionic blocking agent, and hydralazine (Apresoline) hydrochloride, a sympathetic blocking agent with other complex actions, are now being used extensively in treatment of patients with essential hypertension.1 A third compound, Dibenzyline (N-phenoxyisopropyl-N-benzyl-β-chloroethylamine) hydrochloride is an orally effective, sympathetic blocking agent that produces a fall in blood pressure when the patient is in an upright position, and is capable of preventing wide fluctuations in pressure as well as relieving symptoms.2 All of these drugs may produce severe reactions if they are not used under controlled conditions. Grimson and his associates3 and Schroeder4 have recently published reports advising caution in the use of these drugs.

We have encountered numerous side-reactions of these three drugs, used either alone or in combination, in a group of carefully selected patients being treated

REFERENCES

Schroeder, H. A.:  Effect of 1-Hydrazinophthalazine in Hypertension , Circulation 5:28-37 ( (Jan.) ) 1952;.
Freis, E. D.; Finnerty, F. A., Jr.; Schnaper, H. W., and Johnson, R. L.:  Treatment of Hypertension with Hexamethonium , Circulation 5:20-27 ( (Jan.) ) 1952;.
Schroeder, H. A.:  Control of Hypertension by Hexamethonium and 1-Hydrazinophthalazine: Preliminary Observations , A. M. A. Arch. Int. Med. 89:523-540 ( (April) ) 1952;.
CrossRef
Campbell, A. J. M.; Graham, J. G., and Maxwell, R. D. H.:  Treatment of Hypertension by Oral Methonium Compounds , Brit. M. J. 1:251-261 ( (Feb. 2) ) 1952;.
CrossRef
Moser, M.; Walters, M.; Master, A. M.; Taymor, R. C., and Metraux, J.:  Chemical Blockade of the Sympathetic Nervous System in Essential Hypertension , A. M. A. Arch. Int. Med. 89:708-723 ( (May) ) 1952;.
CrossRef
Grimson, K. S.; Orgain, E. S.; Rowe, C. R., Jr., and Sieber, H. A.:  Caution with Regard to Use of Hexamethonium and "Apresoline," J. A. M. A. 149:215-220 ( (May 17) ) 1952;.
CrossRef
Schroeder, H. A.:  New Antihypertension Drugs, correspondence , J. A. M. A. 149:297 ( (May 17) ) 1952;.
CrossRef
Rome, H. P., and Braceland, F. J.:  The Psychological Response to ACTH, Cortisone, Hydrocortisone, and Related Steroid Substances , Am. J. Psychiat. 108:641-651 ( (Feb.) ) 1952;.

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Schroeder, H. A.:  Effect of 1-Hydrazinophthalazine in Hypertension , Circulation 5:28-37 ( (Jan.) ) 1952;.
Freis, E. D.; Finnerty, F. A., Jr.; Schnaper, H. W., and Johnson, R. L.:  Treatment of Hypertension with Hexamethonium , Circulation 5:20-27 ( (Jan.) ) 1952;.
Schroeder, H. A.:  Control of Hypertension by Hexamethonium and 1-Hydrazinophthalazine: Preliminary Observations , A. M. A. Arch. Int. Med. 89:523-540 ( (April) ) 1952;.
CrossRef
Campbell, A. J. M.; Graham, J. G., and Maxwell, R. D. H.:  Treatment of Hypertension by Oral Methonium Compounds , Brit. M. J. 1:251-261 ( (Feb. 2) ) 1952;.
CrossRef
Moser, M.; Walters, M.; Master, A. M.; Taymor, R. C., and Metraux, J.:  Chemical Blockade of the Sympathetic Nervous System in Essential Hypertension , A. M. A. Arch. Int. Med. 89:708-723 ( (May) ) 1952;.
CrossRef
Grimson, K. S.; Orgain, E. S.; Rowe, C. R., Jr., and Sieber, H. A.:  Caution with Regard to Use of Hexamethonium and "Apresoline," J. A. M. A. 149:215-220 ( (May 17) ) 1952;.
CrossRef
Schroeder, H. A.:  New Antihypertension Drugs, correspondence , J. A. M. A. 149:297 ( (May 17) ) 1952;.
CrossRef
Rome, H. P., and Braceland, F. J.:  The Psychological Response to ACTH, Cortisone, Hydrocortisone, and Related Steroid Substances , Am. J. Psychiat. 108:641-651 ( (Feb.) ) 1952;.
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