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February 3, 1951, Vol 145, No. 5 >
Other Articles | February 3, 1951

OBSERVATIONS ON THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF Q FEVER IN NORTHERN CALIFORNIA

Edwin H. Lennette, M.D.; William H. Clark, M.D.
[+] Author Affiliations

Read in a Symposium on Q Fever before the Section on Preventive and Industrial Medicine and Public Health at the Ninety-Ninth Annual Session of the American Medical Association, San Francisco, June 30, 1950.


Berkeley, Calif.

From the Viral and Rickettsial Disease Laboratory and the Acute Communicable Disease Service, State of California Department of Public Health.


JAMA. 1951;145(5):306-309. doi:10.1001/jama.1951.02920230030006
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References

Q fever was described as a new clinical entity by Derrick1 in 1937. The original description was based on febrile illnesses observed among abattoir workers in Queensland, Australia,2 and for some years the disease was recognized only in that area. Since 1944, however, the disease has been identified in Mediterranean Europe and Africa, in France, Germany, Switzerland, Rumania and England; in the Western Hemisphere, Q fever has been reported from Panama and several parts of the United States. Prior to 1946 the only authenticated instance of naturally acquired Q fever in the United States was that reported by Hesdorffer and Duffalo3 in 1941. In 1946 there occurred two large outbreaks of Q fever among workers in meat-packing houses; one outbreak, involving 55 persons, occurred in Amarillo, Texas,4 the other, involving 33 persons, occurred in Chicago.5 In May 1947, Q fever was identified in California in

REFERENCES

1 +
Derrick, E. H.:  "Q" Fever, A New Fever Entity: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Laboratory Investigation , M. J. Australia 2:281 ( (Aug. 21) ) 1937;.
2 +
Q fever is still referred to in the literature as Queensland fever; according to a personal communication from Dr. E. H. Derrick, the "Q" stands for "query," in reference to the many unanswered problems posed by this new disease at the time of his original publication.
3 +
Hesdorffer, M. B., and Duffalo, F. A.:  American "Q" Fever: Report of Probable Case , J. A. M. A. 116: 1901 ( (April 26) ) 1941;.
4 +
Topping, N. H.; Shepard, C. C., and Irons, J. V.:  Q Fever in United States: I. Epidemiologic Studies of Outbreak Among Stock Handlers and Slaughterhouse Workers , J. A. M. A. 133: 813 ( (March 22) ) 1947;.
5 +
Shepard, C. C.:  An Outbreak of Q Fever in a Chicago Packing House , Am. J. Hyg. 46: 185 ( (Sept.) ) 1947;.
6 +
Young, F. W.:  Q Fever in Artesia, California , California Med. 69:89 ( (Aug.) ) 1948;.
7 +
Shepard, C. C., and Huebner, R. J.:  Q Fever in Los Angeles County: Description of Some of Its Epidemiologic Features , Am. J. Pub. Health 38:781 ( (June) ) 1948;.
8 +
Huebner, R. J.; Jellison, W. L.; Beck, M. D.; Parker, R. R., and Shepard, C. C.:  Q Fever Studies in Southern California: I. Recovery of Rickettsia burneti from Raw Milk , Pub. Health Rep. 63:214 ( (Feb. 13) ) 1948;.
9 +
Lennette, E. H.; Clark, W. H., and Dean, B. H.:  Sheep and Goats in the Epidemiology of Q Fever in Northern California , Am. J. Trop. Med. 29: 527 ( (July) ) 1949;.
10 +
Clark, W. H., and co-workers: To be published.
11 +
Beck, M. D.; Bell, J. A.; Shaw, E. W., and Huebner, R. J.:  Q Fever Studies in Southern California: II. An Epidemiologic Study of 300 Cases , Pub. Health Rep. 64: 41 ( (Jan. 14) ) 1949;.
12 +
Bell, J. A.; Beck, M. D., and Huebner, R. J.:  Epidemiologic Studies of Q Fever in Southern California , J. A. M. A. 142:868 ( (March 25) ) 1950;.
13 +
Oliphant, J. W.; Gordon, D. A.; Meis, A., and Parker, R. R.:  Q Fever in Laundry Workers: Presumably Transmitted from Contaminated Clothing , Am. J. Hyg. 49:76 ( (Jan.) ) 1949;.
14 +
DeLay, P. D.; Lennette, E. H., and DeOme, K. B.:  Q Fever in California: II. Recovery of Coxiella Burnetii from Naturally-Infected Air-Borne Dust , J. Immunol. 65:211 ( (Aug.) ) 1950;.
15 +
Lennette, E. H., and Welsh, H. H.: To be published.

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1 +
Derrick, E. H.:  "Q" Fever, A New Fever Entity: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Laboratory Investigation , M. J. Australia 2:281 ( (Aug. 21) ) 1937;.
2 +
Q fever is still referred to in the literature as Queensland fever; according to a personal communication from Dr. E. H. Derrick, the "Q" stands for "query," in reference to the many unanswered problems posed by this new disease at the time of his original publication.
3 +
Hesdorffer, M. B., and Duffalo, F. A.:  American "Q" Fever: Report of Probable Case , J. A. M. A. 116: 1901 ( (April 26) ) 1941;.
4 +
Topping, N. H.; Shepard, C. C., and Irons, J. V.:  Q Fever in United States: I. Epidemiologic Studies of Outbreak Among Stock Handlers and Slaughterhouse Workers , J. A. M. A. 133: 813 ( (March 22) ) 1947;.
5 +
Shepard, C. C.:  An Outbreak of Q Fever in a Chicago Packing House , Am. J. Hyg. 46: 185 ( (Sept.) ) 1947;.
6 +
Young, F. W.:  Q Fever in Artesia, California , California Med. 69:89 ( (Aug.) ) 1948;.
7 +
Shepard, C. C., and Huebner, R. J.:  Q Fever in Los Angeles County: Description of Some of Its Epidemiologic Features , Am. J. Pub. Health 38:781 ( (June) ) 1948;.
8 +
Huebner, R. J.; Jellison, W. L.; Beck, M. D.; Parker, R. R., and Shepard, C. C.:  Q Fever Studies in Southern California: I. Recovery of Rickettsia burneti from Raw Milk , Pub. Health Rep. 63:214 ( (Feb. 13) ) 1948;.
9 +
Lennette, E. H.; Clark, W. H., and Dean, B. H.:  Sheep and Goats in the Epidemiology of Q Fever in Northern California , Am. J. Trop. Med. 29: 527 ( (July) ) 1949;.
10 +
Clark, W. H., and co-workers: To be published.
11 +
Beck, M. D.; Bell, J. A.; Shaw, E. W., and Huebner, R. J.:  Q Fever Studies in Southern California: II. An Epidemiologic Study of 300 Cases , Pub. Health Rep. 64: 41 ( (Jan. 14) ) 1949;.
12 +
Bell, J. A.; Beck, M. D., and Huebner, R. J.:  Epidemiologic Studies of Q Fever in Southern California , J. A. M. A. 142:868 ( (March 25) ) 1950;.
13 +
Oliphant, J. W.; Gordon, D. A.; Meis, A., and Parker, R. R.:  Q Fever in Laundry Workers: Presumably Transmitted from Contaminated Clothing , Am. J. Hyg. 49:76 ( (Jan.) ) 1949;.
14 +
DeLay, P. D.; Lennette, E. H., and DeOme, K. B.:  Q Fever in California: II. Recovery of Coxiella Burnetii from Naturally-Infected Air-Borne Dust , J. Immunol. 65:211 ( (Aug.) ) 1950;.
15 +
Lennette, E. H., and Welsh, H. H.: To be published.

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