The world is beginning to realize that prophylaxis has become a most important department in the practice of modern medicine, and that the duty of the progressive physician is not less to prevent than to cure disease. Much disease is spread by contagion, by the association of sick and well, often by intermediate communication, and wherever large numbers of individuals are associated, it should be considered necessary to subject them to regular and systematic examination. Children are extremely susceptible to some forms of transmissible disease, and schools have often been active media in their spread. The practical outcome of the recognition of this fact can be found in the designation in a number of large cities in America, as well as in Europe, of physicians for the purpose of making inspections of schools as to light, air, heat, drainage, and the like, and also with regard to the presence of