A case of typhus fever recently eluded the scrutiny of the Federal and the state quarantine officers1 at Philadelphia, under circumstances that will bear recital. A Russian, who embarked from the steamer Aragonia at Antwerp was seized, when seven days out, with fever, headache, and malaise, not reporting to the ship's surgeon for two days. It is not known that typhus fever existed at Antwerp, although it is said that the patient came from a district in Russia where the disease was epidemic. As stated, the man was examined by a surgeon of the United States Marine-Hospital Service, and by the assistant quarantine physician of the port of Philadelphia, and, with another man, who appeared ill, was thought to be suffering from typhoid fever, and he was accordingly sent to the Philadelphia Hospital. Here a diagnosis of typhus fever was made, and the patient transferred to the Municipal Hospital,