THE HISTORY AND ETIOLOGY OF "MIGRAINE."

The Eye and Migraine.  —Forseveral thousand years the observation has been unconsciously persisted in that the cephalalgia is not a head-pain, but an eye-pain. Few or none in any definite way noticed that it was produced by near-use of the eyes, and none that the various extensions to other parts and organs, the intensifications of the pain, and the masking under a hundred other protean disguises, were also products of continued and increased eyestrain. But there was never any failure of the necessity to notice the implication of the ocular factor. The most noteworthy after the eye-pain was, of course, scintillating scotoma. The seat of this strange disorder has been placed in every part of the visual apparatus from the retina to the ultimate of the visual center.¹ Piorry's theories of "monophthalmalgia" or "iralgia," or of an affection of peripheral nerves of the eye, was followed by Brewster's thought that the