Dallas, Texas, Oct. 5, 1905.
To the Editor:
—The student of European history, no doubt with an amused smile on his lips, has frequently read about the ridiculous and petty conditions that existed in Europe, especially in Germany, in bygone centuries. A number of small principalities and duchies existed then along the Rhine and in the German empire, and with incredible jealousy and hostility those petty monarchies watched over their prerogatives and rights and surrounded themselves with a barrier of tolls and taxes that made trade and travel only too difficult. The Napoleonic wars, the revolution of 1848 and the German-Austrian war of 1866 swept those little principalities away and in their stead we find a German nation, a united German empire. Before the emancipation of Alexander the Second, the Russian peasants were tied to the soil, to the place of their birth, and the Russian Jews, even at the