CEREBRAL LOCALIZATION—WHAT IS KNOWN, WHAT SURMISED, AND WHAT IS ITS SURGICAL VALUE?Read in the Section on Practice of Medicine, at the Forty-fifth Annual Meeting of the American Medical Association, held in San Francisco, June 5-8, 1894.

The physiology of the nervous system and the functional differentiation of its component parts has been but recently investigated, and is now in many particulars so well established that it seems proper before entering the domain of neurologic pathology to briefly recapitulate, not only that which has been scientifically proven, but the many speculations of eminent investigators that are as yet mere hypotheses. Without going into a detailed history of the evolution of cerebral physiology, I will refer to the great advance made by the anatomists of the seventeenth century. Before that time anatomy and physiology were necessarily theoretical, for as a basis they rested on speculation and tradition, not on the dissection of the human body. But the opinions held regarding the nervous system were even more crude than those that prevailed regarding other portions of the body, for the philosophers, led by Aristotle and Herophilus, had outlined a