On October 26, 1889, I was called in consultation with Dr. St. John, of Centre Brunswick, to see Arthur P. Dater, a farmer, æt. 27, living near Millville, some miles from Troy, in a healthy district, and with comfortable surroundings. I learned from his physician, Dr. St. John, that he had been suffering from typhoid fever for some forty days past, having had a relapse after the first twenty days of illness, and that at two A.M. on the day of my visit he had been suddenly seized with symptoms of peritonitis. We found him in a state of moderate collapse, pulse very frequent, skin bathed in perspiration, abdomen tympanitic, tense, and an absence of liver dulness. Intestinal perforation was diagnosed, and the chances of life with or without operation fairly stated to his family and himself, and with their consent and his own I proceeded, about 7 P.M., with