From a purely historical point of view the literature devoted to shock may be divided into three periods: 1, From 1795, when the word shock was first used as we now use it, down to the beginning of the era of experimentation in 1870; 2, the period from 1870 to 1885, devoted to careful experimental investigations; and, 3, from the reopening of the question by Crile in 1889 down to the present time. From 1885 to 1889 practically no papers other than purely casuistic ones appeared on the subject.
THEORIES IN REGARD TO SHOCK
The excellent summary published by Mansell Moullin1 in 1882, and the encyclopedic volume contributed to the subject by Groeningen2 in 1885 render it unnecessary to restate the historical development of the theme. It is of more than passing interest, however, to note that those views regarding shock which are most commonly accepted to-day differ