Such is the title of a highly interesting and very valuable paper read before the New York County Medical Society on April 27, by Dr. J. A. Irwin, who is well known as a contributor to the subject of " Ship-Surgeons," which was discussed at such length about a year ago. Dr. Irwin's facilities for gathering material in the field covered by this paper have been very considerable. During the three or four summer months of 1879, 1881, and 1882, he served as medical officer on crowded transatlantic steamers, and at other times he has made voyages either as surgeon or passenger, to India, Africa, Brazil, and other countries, thus having been in charge of some fifteen thousand persons at sea.
In the first part of his paper he considers the effect of sea voyaging upon the menstrual function. In regard to this, he formed a record while on board vessels