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In most states, offenders aged <18 years are handled by the juvenile justice system and confined in juvenile facilities; those aged <18 years are prosecuted in adult courts and incarcerated in prisons and jails. However, the cutoff age varies by state and even within some states on a case-by-case basis.
The sample of 36 city/county jail systems for adults was selected to represent systems with large inmate populations and to provide geographic diversity. All 36 systems were among the 50 largest in the United States in inmate population in 1994. The Washington, D.C., system was considered a city/county system.
The 50 city/county systems for juveniles selected for the survey included the largest confined populations in 1994 based on information provided by the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice.
The NIJ/CDC questionnaire sought numbers of gonorrhea cases presumptively diagnosed and numbers of cases confirmed by laboratory findings during the preceding 12 months. Incidence rates for the 26 state juvenile systems providing the requested data were calculated based on the total of these two categories of cases. The reported means represent a simple average of the incidence rates in these 26 systems.