In Reply.—
I agree with Dr Nessell, there are special conditions in which stuttering is reduced or absent. They are chorus reading, lipped speech, delayed auditory feedback, rhythmic speech, shadowing, singing and slowed speech, speaking alone, changing pitch, and whispering.1 These changes, and the changes in situations mentioned by Dr Nessell, are those in which the speech motor control task is simplified.2 In speaking alone, speaking or reading to children, and talking to animals the fluent speech rate and the articulation rate is slowed, thereby providing more time for the necessary adjustments in motor control. As with many skilled motor acts, one can trade off speed for accuracy.