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July 28, 1978, Vol 240, No. 4 >
ARTICLE | July 28, 1978

Simultaneous Serum and CSF Antibodies in Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis

Donald P. Levine, MD; Carl B. Lauter, MD; A. Martin Lerner, MD
JAMA. 1978;240(4):356-360. doi:10.1001/jama.1978.03290040034018.
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Serial concomitant paired sera (S) and CSF were taken from eight patients with biopsy-proved herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE). These specimen pairs were compared with 28 others from patients with various neurologic conditions. Before and after reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol, a ratio of S/CSF antibody titers of ≤20 with either the passive hemagglutinating (PHA) or immune adherence hemagglutinating (IAHA) antibody tests occurred in every patient with HSVE. Diagnostic S/CSF ratios were noted in three patients before biopsy of the brain and in four patients by the tenth day of neurologic disease. Among control subjects, a ratio of S/CSF titers >20 was observed in all but four patients. Each of the latter patients had neurologic diagnoses easily distinguishable from HSVE. The PHA or IAHA S/CSF ratio offers a rapid, reliable method for the diagnosis of HSVE (P<.001).

(JAMA 240:356-360, 1978)

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