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January 24, 1959, Vol 169, No. 4 >
ARTICLE | January 24, 1959

AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION SPECIAL STUDY PROJECT REPORT

Earle Standlee, M.D.
JAMA. 1959;169(4):368-374. doi:10.1001/jama.1959.73000210026010h.
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ABSTRACT

Prior to the successful detonation of the hydrogen (fission fusion) bomb in November, 1952, and of the uranium (fission fusion fission) bomb in February and March, 1954, medical aspects of civil defense planning had been concerned primarily with mass casualty care, little or no thought having been given to the care and treatment of noncasualties. Civil defense had been considered more or less in the light of scattered atomic disasters with recuperative responsibilities within the states and their local political subdivisions. This was the apparent concept of the 81st Congress, as stated in Public Law 920 (known as the Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950).

With the advent of the larger weapons and the knowledge of their vastly increased destructive capabilities, civil defense began to take on a newer meaning: national survival with the capability of the surviving population to arise from the ashes of mass destruction and piece together

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