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November 19, 1949, Vol 141, No. 12 >
Other Articles | November 19, 1949

HEALTH ASPECTS OF COMMON CHEMICALS USED IN HAIR-WAVING PREPARATIONS

A. J. LEHMAN, M.D.
JAMA. 1949;141(12):842-845. doi:10.1001/jama.1949.62910120002010.
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The use of chemicals for the production of curl in hair is of relatively recent origin. The first so-called permanent waves obtained by means of chemicals were produced with borax, water and heat. This process was developed shortly after the turn of the century. A significant advance in chemical processes for waving of hair was the discovery, shortly after World War I, that the use of ammonia with the borax could produce a more satisfactory curl and simultaneously reduce the "curling time."1 Various chemicals have been explored for their adaptability to the production of curl in hair, with or without the application of heat. Heat may be applied in two ways, by some mechanical device, in the machine type of wave, or by the release of heat resulting from a chemical reaction, the machineless type. Solutions of ammonia or ammonium carbonate are the chemicals employed in this process, and

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