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September 10, 1949, Vol 141, No. 2 >
ARTICLE | September 10, 1949

AGRANULOCYTOSIS FOLLOWING PYRITHYLDIONE (PRESIDON®) THERAPY

TERENCE LLOYD TYSON, M.D.
JAMA. 1949;141(2):128-129. doi:10.1001/jama.1949.62910020001006.
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Pyrithyldione (presidon,® 3,3-diethyl-2,4-dioxotetrahydropyridine) is a mild hypnotic and sedative, not a barbiturate derivative, which is now being widely employed. Several reports which recommend its use as a sedative indicate a tendency of the drug to depress the granulocyte count. Koppanyi and others in 1940 noted that in rabbits receiving pyrithyldione by mouth1 3 animals exhibited a decrease in the percentage of circulating polymorphonuclear leukocytes from 34 to 11, 24 to 12, and 19 to 9 per cent, respectively. However, the animals survived after the drug was discontinued. An even more significant observation on human subjects was recorded by Polatin and Horwitz in 1947.2 In a series of 10 patients whose white blood cell counts were carefully followed daily during three weeks' administration of the drug (600 mg. daily), they noted that 1 patient's total white blood cell count dropped from 8,700 to 3,850 with no change in the

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