The fourth edition of Preventive Nutrition contains 32 articles covering a variety of topics for improving nutrition and health around the world. Some emphasis is placed on developed countries, where the burden of chronic disease has increased owing to obesity, as well as on the “nutrition transition” in middle-income and developing countries. The articles are divided into 7 broad headings: global issues, cancer prevention, cardiovascular disease prevention, diabetes and obesity, prevention of major disabilities, optimal pregnancy/infancy outcomes, and nutrition transition around the world. The topics are important, and the articles provide health professionals with evidence, such as that from the Women's Health Initiative in the United States, that supports lower intakes of dietary fats. Because the articles cover a range of issues in nutrition and health, readers are likely to appreciate the critical overviews of the topics as well as the consistency across chapters. From this viewpoint, editorial input plays an important role in ensuring that practitioners can interpret the findings from various studies.