Aortic Aneurysms FREE

The aorta is the body's largest artery and carries oxygen-rich blood from the heart to the rest of the body. The wall of the aorta is very elastic and can normally stretch and then shrink back as needed to adapt to blood flow. However, some medical conditions can weaken the arterial wall. These factors, along with the wear and tear that naturally occurs with aging, can result in a weak aortic wall that may stretch and bulge outwards. An aortic aneurysm is a stretched and bulging section in the wall of the aorta. A bulging or enlarged vessel is weakened and can burst or rupture, resulting in life-threatening bleeding. This condition is the 10th leading cause of death in men 65 to 74 years of age in the United States.

The November 11, 2009, issue of JAMA includes an article about abdominal aortic aneurysms. This Patient Page is based on one published in the January 24/31, 2007, issue of JAMA.

Aortic aneurysms may be suspected or diagnosed by physical examination of the abdomen or by an imaging test. Tests to help determine the location, size, and rate of growth include

Treatment for an aneurysm depends on its size and location. If the aneurysm is small(less than 5 cm [2 in] in diameter) and you have no symptoms, your physician may advise a "watch-and-wait" approach with regularly scheduled examinations and imaging studies. Quitting smoking and controlling high blood pressure are essential. Medications to lower high cholesterol coupled with programs that help you exercise, quit smoking, and follow a heart-healthy diet can also be helpful. However, if your aneurysm is larger or if the aneurysm is growing more than 1 cm (0.4 in) per year, surgery may be the best treatment option.

To find this and previous JAMA Patient Pages, go to the Patient Page link on JAMA 's Web site at http://www.jama.com. Many are available in English and Spanish.

Sources: American College of Surgeons, American College of Cardiology, Society of Thoracic Surgeons

The JAMA Patient Page is a public service of JAMA. The information and recommendations appearing on this page are appropriate in most instances, but they are not a substitute for medical diagnosis. For specific information concerning your personal medical condition, JAMA suggests that you consult your physician. This page may be photocopied noncommercially by physicians and other health care professionals to share with patients. To purchase bulk reprints, call 312/464-0776.

TOPIC: VASCULAR DISEASE