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October 28, 2009, Vol 302, No. 16 >

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The Cover | October 28, 2009

Giant Indian Fruit Bat

Thomas B. Cole, MD, MPH
JAMA. 2009;302(16):1736. doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1503.
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Bats are the only mammals capable of sustained flight. Rather than flexing their forelimbs to fly, as birds do, they flap their webbed digits, scooping handfuls of air. Most bats eat insects, but about a third of bats species are frugivores, such as Pteropus giganteus, also known as the giant fruit bat or flying fox. Giant fruit bats weigh 600 to 1600 g and have a wingspan of 1.2 to 1.5 m. They live in tropical forests and swamps throughout Bangladesh, Myanmar, India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. During the day they roost by the hundreds in large trees, hanging upside down by their feet and wrapped in their membranous wings. When they are not dozing, they fan themselves to aid in thermoregulation, move around in the tree, and vocalize to communicate with one another. A video recording of the roosting behavior of fruit bats can be found at http://www.indiavideo.org/kerala/land-and-people/flora-and-fauna/wildlife/animals/the-indian-flying-fox-586.php.

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Circle of Bhawani Das , Giant Indian Fruit Bat, circa 1777-1782, Indian. Pen and ink with watercolor and gouache on paper. 59.7×83.2 cm. Courtesy of the Metropolitan Museum of Art (http://www.metmuseum.org/), New York, New York; purchase, anonymous gift, Cynthia Hazen Polsky Gift, Virginia G. LeCount Bequest, in memory of The LeCount Family, 2007 Benefit Fund, Louis V. Bell, Harris Brisbane Dick, and Rogers Funds and Joseph Pulitzer Bequest, and gift of Dr Mortimer D. Sackler, Theresa Sackler, and Family, 2008 (2008.312). Image © The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

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