August 29, 1936, Vol 107, No. 9 >

< Previous Article Next Article >

EXPERIMENTAL PRODUCTION OF MALIGNANT GROWTHS IN MICE BY ESTROGENIC CHEMICALS

WILLIAM U. GARDNER, Ph.D.; GEORGE M. SMITH, M.D.; LEONELL C. STRONG, Ph.D.; EDGAR ALLEN, Ph.D.

JAMA. 1936;107(9):656-657. doi:10.1001/jama.1936.02770350024009.

Text Size: A A A

Published online

Article

References

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT | REFERENCES

The rôle of chemical stimulation in the development of mammary tumors postulated clearly by Loeb¹ in 1919 has been demonstrated experimentally by several investigators.² The present report summarizes additional experiments on the effect of several different chemical stimulants (estrogenic hormones³) on the development of mammary carcinomas and of subcutaneous sarcomas in three different strains of mice.

As new features may be listed (1) the development of sarcomas at the sites of injections in nongenital tissues following treatment with estrogenic hormones⁴ which have formerly been considered specific stimulants to the genital tissues; (2) the production of mammary cancers in mice by four different estrogenic chemicals (theelin, keto-estrin benzoate, hydroxyestrin benzoate and equilin benzoate); (3) the production of mammary carcinomas in an inbred strain of mice which had previously been considered relatively cancer resistant.

One or two estrogenic chemicals have been injected for periods exceeding 125 days into

Sign In to Access Full Content

Username

Password

Forgot Your Password?

Don't have Access?

Subscribe for full-text access to content from 1998 forward and a host of useful features

Activate your current subscription (AMA members and current subscribers)

Purchase Online Access to this article for 24 hours

First Page Preview

View Large

Figures

Tables

Interactive Graphics

Video

Country-Specific Mortality and Growth Failure in Infancy and Yound Children and Association With Material Stature

Use interactive graphics and maps to view and sort country-specific infant and early dhildhood mortality and growth failure data and their association with maternal

References

Letters

Submit a Letter

CME

Accreditation Information

The American Medical Association is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians. The AMA designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit^TM per course. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity. Physicians who complete the CME course and score at least 80% correct on the quiz are eligible for AMA PRA Category 1 Credit^TM.

Note: You must get at least of the answers correct to pass this quiz.

Clear Answers | Save For Later

You have not filled in all the answers to complete this quiz

The following questions were not answered:

Sorry, you have unsuccessfully completed this CME quiz with a score of

The following questions were not answered correctly:

Commitment to Change (optional):

Indicate what change(s) you will implement in your practice, if any, based on this CME course.

Your quiz results:

The filled radio buttons indicate your responses. The preferred responses are highlighted

For CME Course: A Proposed Model for Initial Assessment and Management of Acute Heart Failure Syndromes

Indicate what changes(s) you will implement in your practice, if any, based on this CME course.

NOTE:
Citing articles are presented as examples only. In non-demo SCM6 implementation, integration with CrossRef’s “Cited By” API will populate this tab (http://www.crossref.org/citedby.html).

Compression-Only CPR: Pushing the Science Forward
Cone
AAM 2010;304:1493-1495.

All you need to read in the other general journals
BMJ 2010;341:c5893-c1494.

Instructions

Thank you for submitting a comment on this article. It will be reviewed by JAMA editors. You will be notified when your comment has been published. Comments should not exceed 500 words of text and 10 references.

Do not submit personal medical questions or information that could identify a specific patient, questions about a particular case, or general inquiries to an author. Only content that has not been published, posted, or submitted elsewhere should be submitted. By submitting this Comment, you and any coauthors transfer copyright to the journal if your Comment is posted.

* = Required Field

Response Author(s)* (if multiple authors, separate names by comma)

Example: John Doe

Affiliation & Institution*

Disclosure of Any Conflicts of Interest* Indicate all relevant conflicts of interest of each author below, including all relevant financial interests, activities, and relationships within the past 3 years including, but not limited to, employment, affiliation, grants or funding, consultancies, honoraria or payment, speakers’ bureaus, stock ownership or options, expert testimony, royalties, donation of medical equipment, or patents planned, pending, or issued. If all authors have none, check "No potential conflicts or relevant financial interests" in the box below. Please also indicate any funding received in support of this work. The information will be posted with your response.

Please disclose any conflicts of interest or check the box below.

No potential conflicts or relevant financial interests

Response Title*

Response*

Get Audio Code

Submit Cancel

Submit a Response

Some tools below are only available to our subscribers or users with an online account.

Print
PDF
Email

AMA

You must be logged in and have an account to share content.

Return to: EXPERIMENTAL PRODUCTION OF MALIGNANT GROWTHS IN MICE BY ESTROGENIC CHEMICALS

This feature is provided as a courtesy. By using it you agree that that you are requesting the material solely for personal, non-commercial use, and that it is subject to the AMA's Terms of Use. The information provided in order to email this article will not be shared, sold, traded, exchanged, or rented. Please refer to The JAMA Network's Privacy Policy for additional information.

© 2013 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
Share
Get Citation

GARDNER WU, SMITH GM, STRONG LC, ALLEN E. EXPERIMENTAL PRODUCTION OF MALIGNANT GROWTHS IN MICE BY ESTROGENIC CHEMICALS. JAMA. 1936;107(9):656-657. doi:10.1001/jama.1936.02770350024009.

Download citation file:

RIS (Zotero)

EndNote

BibTex

Medlars

ProCite

RefWorks

Reference Manager

© American Medical Association
Get Permissions
Get Alerts

Processing your request... Please Wait.
Submit a Letter

Sign In to Access Full Content

Username

Password

Forgot Your Password?

EXPERIMENTAL PRODUCTION OF MALIGNANT GROWTHS IN MICE BY ESTROGENIC CHEMICALS

ABSTRACT

Sign In to Access Full Content

Don't have Access?

First Page Preview

Figures

Tables

Interactive Graphics

Video

References

Letters

Sign In

Don't have Access?

Sign In to Access Full Content

Related Content

JAMA

Content

Services

The JAMA Network

Sites

AMA Publishing Group Journals

Information For

Services

Content Resources

Other Resources

Sign In

Register for a FREE personal account

Want to Subscribe?

Don't have Access?

Forgot Your Password?